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@ARTICLE{Frster:136367,
      author       = {Förster, Stefan and Buschert, Verena C and Teipel, Stefan
                      and Friese, Uwe and Buchholz, Hans-Georg and Drzezga,
                      Alexander and Hampel, Harald and Bartenstein, Peter and
                      Buerger, Katharina},
      title        = {{E}ffects of a 6-month cognitive intervention on brain
                      metabolism in patients with amnestic {MCI} and mild
                      {A}lzheimer's disease.},
      journal      = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease},
      volume       = {26},
      number       = {s3},
      issn         = {1875-8908},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {IOS Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-02689},
      pages        = {337-348},
      year         = {2011},
      abstract     = {The effect of cognitive intervention on brain metabolism in
                      AD is largely unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate
                      cognitive parameters and 18FDG PET to test for effects of a
                      cognitive intervention in patients with aMCI or mild AD.
                      Patients with aMCI (N = 24) or mild AD (N = 15) were
                      randomly assigned either to cognitive intervention groups
                      (IGs), receiving weekly sessions of group-based
                      multicomponent cognitive intervention, or active control
                      groups (CGs), receiving pencil-paper exercises for
                      self-study. We obtained resting-state FDG-PET scans and
                      neuropsychological testing at baseline and after six-months.
                      Normalized FDG-PET images were analyzed using voxel-based
                      SPM5 approaches to determine longitudinal changes,
                      group-by-time interactions and correlations with
                      neuropsychological outcome parameters. Primary global
                      cognitive outcome was determined by analyses of covariance
                      with MMSE and ADAS-cog scores as dependent measures. Both,
                      aMCI and AD subgroups of CGs showed widespread bilateral
                      cortical declines in FDG uptake, while the AD subgroup of
                      IGs showed discrete decline or rather no decline in case of
                      the aMCI subgroup. Group by time analyses revealed strongest
                      attenuation of metabolic decline in the aMCI subgroup of the
                      IGs, involving left anterior temporal pole and anterior
                      cingulate gyrus. However, correlation analyses revealed only
                      weak non-significant associations between increased FDG
                      uptake and improvement in primary or secondary outcome
                      parameters. Concurrently, there was significant improvement
                      in global cognitive status in the aMCI subgroup of the IGs.
                      A six-month cognitive intervention imparted cognitive
                      benefits in patients with aMCI, which were concurrent with
                      an attenuated decline of glucose metabolism in cortical
                      regions affected by neurodegenerative AD.},
      keywords     = {Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Alzheimer Disease: diagnostic
                      imaging / Alzheimer Disease: pathology / Alzheimer Disease:
                      rehabilitation / Amnesia: complications / Brain Mapping /
                      Cerebral Cortex: diagnostic imaging / Cerebral Cortex:
                      metabolism / Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: methods /
                      Cognitive Dysfunction: diagnostic imaging / Cognitive
                      Dysfunction: etiology / Cognitive Dysfunction: pathology /
                      Cognitive Dysfunction: rehabilitation / Female /
                      Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Follow-Up Studies / Humans / Male /
                      Middle Aged / Neuropsychological Tests / Positron-Emission
                      Tomography: methods / Treatment Outcome / Fluorodeoxyglucose
                      F18 (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Teipel},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1510100},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21971473},
      doi          = {10.3233/JAD-2011-0025},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/136367},
}