154039 20240305141210.0 10.1126/science.aay6690 doi 0036-8075 ISSN 1095-9203 ISSN 1947-8062 ISSN altmetric:77887028 altmetric pmid:32193296 pmid DZNE-2021-00021 320 Grasby, Katrina L. 0000-0001-8539-0228 0 The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex Washington, DC 2020 Assoc.73085 article DRIVER Output Types/Journal article DataCite Journal Article journal journal PUB:(DE-HGF)16 1709644299_29112 PUB:(DE-HGF) ARTICLE BibTeX JOURNAL_ARTICLE ORCID Journal Article 0 EndNote INTRODUCTIONThe cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities. Variations in human cortical surface area and thickness are associated with neurological, psychological, and behavioral traits and can be measured in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies in model organisms have identified genes that influence cortical structure, but little is known about common genetic variants that affect human cortical structure.RATIONALETo identify genetic variants associated with human cortical structure at both global and regional levels, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain MRI data from 51,665 individuals across 60 cohorts. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 cortical regions with known functional specializations.RESULTSWe identified 306 nominally genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8) associated with cortical structure in a discovery sample of 33,992 participants of European ancestry. Of the 299 loci for which replication data were available, 241 loci influencing surface area and 14 influencing thickness remained significant after replication, with 199 loci passing multiple testing correction (P < 8.3 × 10−10; 187 influencing surface area and 12 influencing thickness).Common genetic variants explained 34% (SE = 3%) of the variation in total surface area and 26% (SE = 2%) in average thickness; surface area and thickness showed a negative genetic correlation (rG = −0.32, SE = 0.05, P = 6.5 × 10−12), which suggests that genetic influences have opposing effects on surface area and thickness. Bioinformatic analyses showed that total surface area is influenced by genetic variants that alter gene regulatory activity in neural progenitor cells during fetal development. By contrast, average thickness is influenced by active regulatory elements in adult brain samples, which may reflect processes that occur after mid-fetal development, such as myelination, branching, or pruning. When considered together, these results support the radial unit hypothesis that different developmental mechanisms promote surface area expansion and increases in thickness.To identify specific genetic influences on individual cortical regions, we controlled for global measures (total surface area or average thickness) in the regional analyses. After multiple testing correction, we identified 175 loci that influence regional surface area and 10 that influence regional thickness. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, which is known to influence areal identity.We observed significant positive genetic correlations and evidence of bidirectional causation of total surface area with both general cognitive functioning and educational attainment. We found additional positive genetic correlations between total surface area and Parkinson’s disease but did not find evidence of causation. Negative genetic correlations were evident between total surface area and insomnia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive symptoms, major depressive disorder, and neuroticism.CONCLUSIONThis large-scale collaborative work enhances our understanding of the genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex and its regional patterning. The highly polygenic architecture of the cortex suggests that distinct genes are involved in the development of specific cortical areas. Moreover, we find evidence that brain structure is a key phenotype along the causal pathway that leads from genetic variation to differences in general cognitive function. 344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344) G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344 POF3-344 POF III 0 Dataset connected to CrossRef Jahanshad, Neda 0000-0003-4401-8950 1 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 2 Painter, Jodie N. 0000-0002-4992-2458 3 Colodro-Conde, Lucía 0000-0002-9004-364X 4 Bralten, Janita 0000-0003-1440-8675 5 Hibar, Derrek P. 6 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 7 Lind, Penelope A. 0000-0002-3887-2598 8 Pizzagalli, Fabrizio 9 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 10 Ching, Christopher R. K. 11 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 12 McMahon, Mary Agnes B. 0000-0002-1516-2462 13 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 14 Shatokhina, Natalia 15 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 16 Zsembik, Leo C. P. 0000-0003-2609-5637 17 Thomopoulos, Sophia I. 18 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 19 Zhu, Alyssa H. 0000-0003-0083-5107 20 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 21 Strike, Lachlan T. 0000-0003-2885-5898 22 Agartz, Ingrid 0000-0002-9839-5391 23 Alhusaini, Saud 24 Almeida, Marcio A. A. 0000-0002-8114-3892 25 Diabetes, South Texas 26 Alnæs, Dag 27 Amlien, Inge K. 0000-0002-8508-9088 28 Andersson, Micael 0000-0003-4743-6365 29 Ard, Tyler 0000-0002-5123-1226 30 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 31 Armstrong, Nicola J. 0000-0002-4477-293X 32 Ashley-Koch, Allison 33 Atkins, Joshua R. 0000-0003-0821-1112 34 Bernard, Manon 0000-0002-7234-1782 35 Brouwer, Rachel M. 0000-0002-7466-1544 36 Buimer, Elizabeth E. L. 0000-0002-8143-3160 37 Bülow, Robin 38 Bürger, Christian 39 Cannon, Dara M. 40 Chakravarty, Mallar 41 Biological 42 Chen, Qiang 0000-0003-0373-4459 43 Cheung, Joshua W. 0000-0002-3976-5073 44 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 45 Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste 0000-0002-0719-9302 46 Dale, Anders M. 0000-0002-6126-2966 47 Dalvie, Shareefa 48 de Araujo, Tânia K. 0000-0003-3056-3894 49 de Zubicaray, Greig I. 0000-0003-4506-0579 50 de Zwarte, Sonja M. C. 51 den Braber, Anouk 52 Doan, Nhat Trung 53 Dohm, Katharina 0000-0002-9305-9946 54 Ehrlich, Stefan 0000-0003-2132-4445 55 Medicine, Social 56 Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth 0000-0002-6627-4114 57 Erk, Susanne 58 Psychiatry, Brain Research Department of 59 Berlin, Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu 60 Fan, Chun Chieh 61 Fedko, Iryna O. 0000-0003-1962-916X 62 Foley, Sonya F. 63 Ford, Judith M. 0000-0002-6500-6548 64 Fukunaga, Masaki 0000-0003-1010-2644 65 Garrett, Melanie E. 0000-0003-2302-6150 66 Ge, Tian 67 Giddaluru, Sudheer 68 Goldman, Aaron L. 69 Green, Melissa J. 0000-0002-9361-4874 70 Groenewold, Nynke A. 71 Grotegerd, Dominik 0000-0001-8718-0128 72 Gurholt, Tiril P. 0000-0002-1272-7616 73 Gutman, Boris A. 0000-0001-5388-897X 74 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 75 Hansell, Narelle K. 0000-0002-8229-9741 76 Harris, Mathew A. P:(DE-HGF)0 77 Harrison, Marc B. 0000-0002-2742-241X 78 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 79 Haswell, Courtney C. 0000-0003-0562-9855 80 Hauser, Michael 0000-0003-2667-5420 81 Herms, Stefan 0000-0002-2786-8200 82 Heslenfeld, Dirk J. 83 Ho, New Fei 84 Hoehn, David 0000-0002-2501-2468 85 Hoffmann, Per 0000-0002-6573-983X 86 Holleran, Laurena 0000-0002-8354-3670 87 Hoogman, Martine 0000-0002-1261-7628 88 Hottenga, Jouke-Jan 0000-0002-5668-2368 89 Ikeda, Masashi 0000-0001-6237-2449 90 Janowitz, Deborah 0000-0003-4324-9298 91 Jansen, Iris E. P:(DE-HGF)0 92 Jia, Tianye 0000-0001-5399-2953 93 Psychology, Precision Medicine Institute of Psychiatry 94 PONS Jockwitz, Christiane 0000-0001-9332-7982 95 Kanai, Ryota 0000-0002-0186-2687 96 Karama, Sherif 0000-0002-9379-7180 97 Kasperaviciute, Dalia 98 Kaufmann, Tobias 0000-0002-4003-1018 99 Kelly, Sinead 100 Kikuchi, Masataka 0000-0002-9562-841X 101 Klein, Marieke 0000-0001-8784-5679 102 Knapp, Michael 103 Knodt, Annchen R. 0000-0001-6501-8947 104 Krämer, Bernd 0000-0002-1145-9103 105 Psychiatry, Psychiatry Department of 106 Lam, Max 107 Lancaster, Thomas M. 108 Lee, Phil H. 0000-0003-1770-3100 109 Lett, Tristram A. 110 Psychiatry, Brain Research Department of 111 Berlin, Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu 112 Lewis, Lindsay B. 0000-0002-3056-4152 113 Lopes-Cendes, Iscia 0000-0002-6221-6822 114 Luciano, Michelle 0000-0002-7306-3008 115 Macciardi, Fabio 0000-0003-0537-4266 116 Marquand, Andre F. 0000-0001-5903-203X 117 Mathias, Samuel R. 118 Melzer, Tracy R. 0000-0003-0621-212X 119 Milaneschi, Yuri 120 Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC/Vrije 121 Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin 0000-0003-0836-8267 122 Moreira, Jose C. V. 0000-0002-9527-7349 123 Mühleisen, Thomas W. 0000-0002-6057-5952 124 Müller-Myhsok, Bertram 125 Najt, Pablo 0000-0002-4263-3880 126 Nakahara, Soichiro 127 Nho, Kwangsik 128 Olde Loohuis, Loes M. 0000-0002-3327-7837 129 Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos 0000-0002-1242-8990 130 Pearson, John F. 0000-0001-5607-4517 131 Pitcher, Toni L. 0000-0003-4661-5038 132 Pütz, Benno 133 Quidé, Yann 0000-0002-8569-7139 134 Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi 0000-0001-9243-9368 135 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 136 Rashid, Faisal M. 137 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 138 Reay, William R. 0000-0001-7689-2453 139 Redlich, Ronny 140 Reinbold, Céline S. 0000-0002-3394-3158 141 Repple, Jonathan 0000-0003-1379-9491 142 Richard, Geneviève 0000-0001-6475-2576 143 Riedel, Brandalyn C. 0000-0001-9047-7512 144 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 145 Risacher, Shannon L. 146 Rocha, Cristiane S. 0000-0001-5678-2070 147 Mota, Nina Roth 0000-0003-3504-759X 148 Salminen, Lauren 0000-0002-0684-9991 149 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 150 Saremi, Arvin 0000-0003-2395-8249 151 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 152 Saykin, Andrew J. 0000-0002-1376-8532 153 Schlag, Fenja 0000-0002-4867-2530 154 Schmaal, Lianne 155 Schofield, Peter R. 0000-0003-2967-9662 156 Secolin, Rodrigo 0000-0002-2485-9560 157 Shapland, Chin Yang 0000-0002-5797-1241 158 Shen, Li 0000-0002-5443-0503 159 Shin, Jean 0000-0001-7353-5178 160 Shumskaya, Elena 0000-0003-4383-3988 161 Sønderby, Ida E. 162 Sprooten, Emma 0000-0002-1691-9105 163 Tansey, Katherine E. 164 Teumer, Alexander 165 Thalamuthu, Anbupalam 0000-0002-7114-1260 166 Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana 167 Turner, Jessica A. 0000-0003-0076-8434 168 Uhlmann, Anne 169 Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica 0000-0001-9493-6800 170 van der Meer, Dennis 171 Hospital, Addiction Oslo University 172 Medicine, Neuroscience Faculty of Health 173 van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J. 174 van Eijk, Liza 0000-0001-8254-1019 175 van Erp, Theo G. M. 0000-0002-2465-2797 176 van Haren, Neeltje E. M. 0000-0002-3090-7653 177 van Rooij, Daan 0000-0002-6681-4344 178 van Tol, Marie-José 0000-0002-9260-5490 179 Veldink, Jan H. 0000-0001-5572-9657 180 Verhoef, Ellen 0000-0002-8315-1095 181 Walton, Esther 0000-0002-0935-2200 182 Wang, Mingyuan 0000-0003-1946-1942 183 Wang, Yunpeng 0000-0001-9831-1090 184 Wardlaw, Joanna M. 0000-0002-9812-6642 185 Wen, Wei 0000-0003-2753-3870 186 Westlye, Lars T. 0000-0001-8644-956X 187 Whelan, Christopher D. 188 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 189 Witt, Stephanie H. 0000-0002-1571-1468 190 Wittfeld, Katharina P:(DE-2719)2810491 191 dzne Wolf, Christiane P:(DE-HGF)0 192 Wolfers, Thomas 0000-0002-7693-0621 193 Wu, Jing Qin P:(DE-HGF)0 194 Yasuda, Clarissa L. 0000-0001-9084-7173 195 Zaremba, Dario 196 Zhang, Zuo 0000-0002-6752-3434 197 Zwiers, Marcel P. 198 Artiges, Eric 0000-0003-4461-7646 199 Assareh, Amelia A. 200 Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa 0000-0003-0570-5352 201 Belger, Aysenil 0000-0003-2687-1966 202 Brandt, Christine L. 203 Brown, Gregory G. 204 Cichon, Sven 0000-0002-9475-086X 205 Curran, Joanne E. 0000-0002-6898-155X 206 Diabetes, South Texas 207 Davies, Gareth E. 208 Degenhardt, Franziska 209 Dennis, Michelle F. 0000-0003-0734-7448 210 Dietsche, Bruno 211 Djurovic, Srdjan 0000-0002-8140-8061 212 Doherty, Colin P. 0000-0002-8869-8567 213 Espiritu, Ryan 214 Garijo, Daniel 0000-0003-0454-7145 215 Gil, Yolanda 216 Gowland, Penny A. 0000-0002-4900-4817 217 Green, Robert C. 0000-0001-8472-0424 218 Häusler, Alexander N. 0000-0003-3506-7566 219 Heindel, Walter 220 Ho, Beng-Choon 0000-0003-3976-1555 221 Hoffmann, Wolfgang P:(DE-2719)2000040 222 dzne Holsboer, Florian 0000-0002-2640-9336 223 Homuth, Georg 0000-0001-6839-0605 224 Hosten, Norbert 0000-0002-4149-5666 225 Jack, Clifford R. 0000-0001-7916-622X 226 Jang, MiHyun 0000-0001-5638-2237 227 Jansen, Andreas 0000-0002-3140-8207 228 Kimbrel, Nathan A. 229 Kolskår, Knut 230 Koops, Sanne 231 Krug, Axel 0000-0002-0564-2497 232 Lim, Kelvin O. 0000-0002-2390-7268 233 Luykx, Jurjen J. 0000-0002-6439-2774 234 Mathalon, Daniel H. 0000-0001-6090-4974 235 Mather, Karen A. 236 Mattay, Venkata S. 0000-0002-3829-3369 237 Matthews, Sarah 238 Mayoral Van Son, Jaqueline 239 McEwen, Sarah C. 0000-0001-6425-6126 240 Melle, Ingrid 0000-0002-9783-548X 241 Morris, Derek W. 0000-0002-3413-570X 242 Mueller, Bryon A. 0000-0003-2429-0391 243 Nauck, Matthias 244 Nordvik, Jan E. 0000-0003-0981-648X 245 Nöthen, Markus M. P:(DE-HGF)0 246 O’Leary, Daniel S. 0000-0003-1959-6521 247 Opel, Nils 248 Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère 249 Pike, G. Bruce 250 Preda, Adrian 0000-0003-3373-2438 251 Quinlan, Erin B. 252 Rasser, Paul E. 0000-0003-3482-721X 253 Ratnakar, Varun 0000-0001-9381-705X 254 Reppermund, Simone 255 Steen, Vidar M. 0000-0001-6440-3966 256 Tooney, Paul A. 257 Torres, Fábio R. 0000-0001-6550-6887 258 Veltman, Dick J. 0000-0001-8971-4250 259 Voyvodic, James T. 0000-0003-1072-6158 260 Whelan, Robert 0000-0002-2790-7281 261 White, Tonya 262 Yamamori, Hidenaga 0000-0003-2100-1881 263 Adams, Hieab H. H. 0000-0003-3687-2508 264 Bis, Joshua C. 265 Debette, Stephanie 266 Decarli, Charles 267 Fornage, Myriam 268 Gudnason, Vilmundur 269 Hofer, Edith 270 Ikram, M. Arfan 271 Launer, Lenore 272 Longstreth, W. T. 273 Lopez, Oscar L. 0000-0002-8546-8256 274 Mazoyer, Bernard 0000-0003-0970-2837 275 Mosley, Thomas H. 0000-0003-3343-1352 276 Roshchupkin, Gennady V. 277 Satizabal, Claudia L. 0000-0002-1115-4430 278 Schmidt, Reinhold 279 Seshadri, Sudha 0000-0001-6135-2622 280 Yang, Qiong 281 Alvim, Marina K. M. 0000-0002-6780-0761 282 Ames, David 283 Anderson, Tim J. 0000-0002-1116-3839 284 Andreassen, Ole A P:(DE-HGF)0 285 Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro 286 Bastin, Mark E. 0000-0002-0490-0845 287 Baune, Bernhard T. 288 Beckham, Jean C. 0000-0001-8746-8949 289 Blangero, John 290 Diabetes, South Texas 291 Boomsma, Dorret I. 0000-0002-7099-7972 292 Brodaty, Henry 0000-0001-9487-6617 293 Brunner, Han G. 294 Oncology, School for 295 Buckner, Randy L. 296 Buitelaar, Jan K. 0000-0001-8288-7757 297 Bustillo, Juan R. 0000-0001-8730-8152 298 Cahn, Wiepke 0000-0002-0482-8759 299 Cairns, Murray J. 0000-0003-2490-2538 300 Calhoun, Vince 0000-0001-9058-0747 301 Carr, Vaughan J. 0000-0002-8907-5804 302 Caseras, Xavier 303 Caspers, Svenja 304 Cavalleri, Gianpiero L. 0000-0002-9802-0506 305 Cendes, Fernando 306 Corvin, Aiden 0000-0001-6717-4089 307 Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto 0000-0003-0033-7132 308 Dalrymple-Alford, John C. 0000-0002-6672-033X 309 Dannlowski, Udo 0000-0002-0623-3759 310 de Geus, Eco J. C. 0000-0001-6022-2666 311 Deary, Ian J. 312 Delanty, Norman 313 Depondt, Chantal 0000-0002-8452-5319 314 Desrivières, Sylvane 0000-0002-9120-7060 315 Psychology, Precision Medicine Institute of Psychiatry 316 PONS Donohoe, Gary 0000-0003-3037-7426 317 Espeseth, Thomas 0000-0001-9076-6365 318 Fernández, Guillén 319 Fisher, Simon E. 0000-0002-3132-1996 320 Flor, Herta 0000-0003-4809-5398 321 Forstner, Andreas J. 322 Francks, Clyde 0000-0002-9098-890X 323 Franke, Barbara 0000-0003-4375-6572 324 Glahn, David C. 325 Gollub, Randy L. 0000-0002-9434-4044 326 Grabe, Hans J. P:(DE-2719)2811781 327 dzne Gruber, Oliver 328 Håberg, Asta K. 0000-0002-9007-1202 329 Hariri, Ahmad R. 330 Hartman, Catharina A. 0000-0002-8094-8859 331 Hashimoto, Ryota 332 Heinz, Andreas 333 Henskens, Frans A. 0000-0003-2358-5630 334 Hillegers, Manon H. J. 0000-0003-4877-282X 335 Hoekstra, Pieter J. 0000-0003-1018-9954 336 Holmes, Avram J. 0000-0001-6583-803X 337 Hong, L. Elliot 338 Hopkins, William D. 339 Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E. 0000-0002-2038-5281 340 Jernigan, Terry L. 341 Jönsson, Erik G. 0000-0001-8368-6332 342 Kahn, René S. 343 Kennedy, Martin A. 0000-0002-6445-8526 344 Kircher, Tilo T. J. 0000-0002-2514-2625 345 Kochunov, Peter 346 Kwok, John B. J. 0000-0001-9574-6195 347 Brain, Epigenetics 348 Le Hellard, Stephanie 0000-0002-8085-051X 349 Loughland, Carmel M. 350 Martin, Nicholas G. 0000-0003-4069-8020 351 Martinot, Jean-Luc 352 McDonald, Colm 353 McMahon, Katie L. 0000-0002-6357-615X 354 Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas 0000-0001-5619-1123 355 Michie, Patricia T. 0000-0002-4169-8519 356 Morey, Rajendra A. 0000-0002-6517-6969 357 Mowry, Bryan 0000-0002-4115-5645 358 Nyberg, Lars 359 Oosterlaan, Jaap 0000-0002-0218-5630 360 Ophoff, Roel A. 0000-0002-8287-6457 361 Pantelis, Christos 0000-0002-9565-0238 362 Paus, Tomas 363 Pausova, Zdenka 0000-0002-7784-1380 364 Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. 0000-0001-7779-9672 365 Polderman, Tinca J. C. 0000-0001-5564-301X 366 Posthuma, Danielle 0000-0001-7582-2365 367 Rietschel, Marcella 0000-0002-5236-6149 368 Roffman, Joshua L. 0000-0003-4073-532X 369 Rowland, Laura M. 370 Sachdev, Perminder S. 0000-0002-9595-3220 371 Sämann, Philipp G. 372 Schall, Ulrich 0000-0001-9041-4562 373 Schumann, Gunter 374 Scott, Rodney J. 0000-0001-7724-3404 375 Sim, Kang 0000-0003-3209-9626 376 Sisodiya, Sanjay M. 377 Smoller, Jordan W. 378 Sommer, Iris E. 0000-0001-5597-3262 379 St Pourcain, Beate 0000-0002-4680-3517 380 Stein, Dan J. 0000-0001-7218-7810 381 Toga, Arthur W. 0000-0001-7902-3755 382 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 383 Trollor, Julian N. 0000-0002-7685-2977 384 Van der Wee, Nic J. A. 0000-0003-3235-1633 385 van ’t Ent, Dennis 0000-0003-2001-1375 386 Völzke, Henry 387 Walter, Henrik 0000-0002-9403-6121 388 Psychiatry, Brain Research Department of 389 Berlin, Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu 390 Weber, Bernd 0000-0002-7811-9605 391 Weinberger, Daniel R. 0000-0003-2409-2969 392 Wright, Margaret J. 0000-0001-7133-4970 393 Zhou, Juan 0000-0002-0180-8648 394 Stein, Jason L. 0000-0003-4829-0513 395 Thompson, Paul M. 0000-0002-4720-8867 396 Neuroimaging, Mary Stevens 397 Medland, Sarah E. 0000-0003-1382-380X 398 10.1126/science.aay6690 Vol. 367, no. 6484, p. eaay6690 - PERI:(DE-600)2089761-3 6484 eaay6690 - Science / Science now 367 2020 1095-9203 VDB oai:pub.dzne.de:154039 Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen I:(DE-588)1065079516 DZNE 191 P:(DE-2719)2810491 Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen I:(DE-588)1065079516 DZNE 222 P:(DE-2719)2000040 Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen I:(DE-588)1065079516 DZNE 327 P:(DE-2719)2811781 DE-HGF Gesundheit Erkrankungen des Nervensystems G:(DE-HGF)POF3-340 G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344 G:(DE-HGF)POF3 G:(DE-HGF)POF3-300 G:(DE-HGF)POF Clinical and Health Care Research 0 DE-HGF Programmungebundene Forschung ohne Programm G:(DE-HGF)POF4-890 G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899 G:(DE-HGF)POF4 G:(DE-HGF)POF4-800 G:(DE-HGF)POF ohne Topic 0 2020 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1200 StatID Chemical Reactions 2021-01-27 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0160 StatID Essential Science Indicators 2021-01-27 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1210 StatID Index Chemicus 2021-01-27 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1190 StatID Biological Abstracts 2021-01-27 WoS StatID:(DE-HGF)0113 StatID Science Citation Index Expanded 2021-01-27 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0600 StatID Ebsco Academic Search 2022-11-16 No Peer Review StatID:(DE-HGF)0020 StatID ASC 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0300 StatID Medline 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0199 StatID Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0150 StatID Web of Science Core Collection 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1050 StatID BIOSIS Previews 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1030 StatID Current Contents - Life Sciences 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1040 StatID Zoological Record 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1060 StatID Current Contents - Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)1150 StatID Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences 2022-11-16 JCR StatID:(DE-HGF)0100 StatID SCIENCE : 2021 2022-11-16 DBCoverage StatID:(DE-HGF)0200 StatID SCOPUS 2022-11-16 IF >= 60 StatID:(DE-HGF)9960 StatID SCIENCE : 2021 2022-11-16 I:(DE-2719)1510600 AG Hoffmann Translational Health Care Research 0 journal VDB I:(DE-2719)1510600 UNRESTRICTED