engSpijker, SabineKoskinen, Maija-KreettaRiga, DanaiIncubation of depression: ECM assembly and parvalbumin interneurons after stress.info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610DepressionExtracellular MatrixInterneuronsNeuronsParvalbuminsChronic mild/unpredictable stressEarly life stressExperience-dependent plasticityHippocampusHyper-excitabilityHypo-excitabilityPrefrontal cortexRestraint stressSocial defeat stressParvalbuminsThe extracellular space is occupied by a complex network of proteins creating a mesh-like assembly known as the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM assembles into dense net-like structures, perineuronal nets (PNNs), that envelope cell somas and proximal neurites of predominantly parvalbumin+-(PV+) interneurons. ECM regulates cell-to-cell communication, thereby modulating neuronal network function. Accumulating evidence points to the importance of network dysfunction in the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, in which stress acts as a major predisposing factor. Here we review stress-induced changes in ECM/PNNs and PV+-interneurons in preclinical models of (or for) depression, with a special focus on social stress. We argue that the direction of these alterations largely depends on stress recency, as well as on stress timing and the brain region under investigation. A biphasic temporal regulation of ECM/PNNs and PV+-interneuron function is typically observed after stress. Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying ECM organization in relation to stress-induced molecular, cellular and network changes is crucial to further decipher the implications of ECM remodeling in the incubation of depressive symptoms.Neuroscience & biobehavioral reviews 118, 65 - 79 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.015info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionElsevier Science2020info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDEhttps://pub.dzne.de/record/164427https://pub.dzne.de/search?p=id:%22DZNE-2022-00979%22Researchersinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.015info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1873-7528info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0149-7634info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/pmid:32687884