Contribution to a book

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with both genetic and environmental risk factors. While traditionally, a relapsing and progressive disease course has been distinguished, it has increasingly become evident that elements of progression are the dominant factor for accumulating MS-related neurologic disability across all clinical courses and can be detected throughout the full disease trajectory in patients with MS. [...]

Platelets are immune cells with a great potential for the discovery of novel mechanisms regulating both innate and adaptive responses. Although it is known that the interaction between platelets and leukocytes plays a critical role in inflammation and thrombosis, the vast majority of experimental models focus on monotypic cell systems, ignoring the constant association of these two cell types in circulation and in the tissues. [...]

Pathogenic dimorphic fungi are endemic in certain regions and can cause from subclinical infections to systemic mycoses. These pathogens are associated with high mortality and morbidity rates and represent emerging infectious threats to human populations worldwide. [...]

The subject of this chapter is ADAM10, myelin-associated metalloendopeptidase. ADAM10 is a zinc-dependent metallo-endopeptidase with a C-terminal distintegrin domain. [...]

Lentivirus vectors are capable of efficient gene transfer to nondividing cells, in addition to dividing cells. Therefore, lentivirus vectors can also be used for gene transfer into dormant stem cells in the postnatal and adult brains of experimental animals, many of which have ceased cell division. [...]

»The value placed on nursing knowledge and skills is a reflection of the capacity nursing has to bring about positive or ›good‹ results in the health status of its clientele. So research takes on an aspect of social relevance when conducted in and for a service occupation such as ours« (Gortner 1975: 194). [...]

The primary goal of developing new clinical diagnostic solutions is to create value for healthcare. The rapid rise of artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostics has led to a surge in publications and, to a lesser extent, market-ready tools. [...]

Although access to a large number of Ottoman documents has become easier today, the Arabic-Persian-based Ottoman script remains a barrier for interested users in utilizing these documents. To address this challenge, there is a need for automatic transcription systems. [...]

Excerpt:Clinical characteristics: VPS13A disease, caused by VPS13A loss-of-function pathogenic variants, is characterized by a spectrum of movement disorders (chorea, dystonia, tics, sometimes parkinsonism); predominant orofacial choreic and dystonic movements and tics (with involuntary tongue protrusion on attempted swallowing, habitual tongue and lip biting resulting in self-mutilation, involuntary vocalizations); dysarthria and dysphagia; psychiatric, cognitive, and behavioral changes ("frontal lobe type"); seizures; and progressive neuromuscular involvement. Huntingtonism (triad of progressive movement disorder and cognitive and behavioral alterations) is a typical presentation. [...]

The modeling and control of fluid flows remain a significant challenge with tremendous potential to advance fields including transportation, energy, and medicine. Effective fluid flow control can lead to drag reduction, enhanced mixing, and noise reduction, among other applications. [...]