Documents in Process

Condensates at synapses organize synaptic vesicle (SV) clusters and are essential for efficient neurotransmitter release. While it is established that RNA granules traffic along axons, the function of RNA at the presynapse remains unclear. [...]

Molecular profiling studies have mapped vascular alterations in Alzheimer's disease, but have not proven a role for them in pathology. Longitudinal studies are needed to link molecular and structural changes to vascular mechanics, hemodynamics, and tissue perfusion..

Motor fluctuations frequently emerge within the first few years of levodopa treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD), increasing symptom burden and treatment complexity. While opicapone is an established adjunct therapy for motor fluctuations, its safety profile when initiated early in the course of fluctuating disease remains incompletely characterized.This pooled post-hoc analysis integrated individual patient-level data from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of opicapone 50 mg and their open-label extensions. [...]

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Retrograde autobiographical memory impairment is considered one of the clinically relevant adverse effects of ECT; however, no validated German instrument is available to assess autobiographical memory. [...]

Clinical heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may reflect structured disease trajectories. This study investigated whether anatomically defined motor phenotypes capture reproducible patterns associated with progression, serum neurofilament light chain (NfL), and survival.In a multicenter cohort of 1307 ALS patients, motor phenotypes were classified by region of onset, timing of propagation to a vertically distant body region (early ≤ 12 months vs. [...]

Plasma β-synuclein is a promising blood-based synaptic biomarker, but relationships with synaptic density as indicated by [11C]UCB-J positron emission tomography (PET), and blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, neurodegeneration, and astrocyte activation need further characterization.Middle-aged and older adults with and without cognitive impairment (N = 83 total, 68.7% cognitively unimpaired) underwent blood draw, PET imaging, and neuropsychological testing. Primary analyses focused on relationships between plasma β-synuclein and synaptic density, and associations with related plasma biomarkers (tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 [p-tau217], brain-derived tau [BD-tau], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], and neurofilament light chain [NfL]).Plasma β-synuclein levels were higher in cognitively unimpaired and impaired participants with positive amyloid PET. [...]

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) and copeptin are established cardiovascular biomarkers which can partly affect human metabolism. However, impact of human metabolism on their postprandial regulation in high-risk patients remains insufficiently understood. [...]

Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a leading cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy, and its identification on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can enable potentially curative surgical treatment. FCD features are often subtle and heterogeneous and current deep learning models for automated detection exhibit limited sensitivity. [...]

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with early, regionally selective neurodegenerative changes that may affect socioemotional functioning before atrophy becomes widespread. This study examined whether structural brain alterations in MCI relate to facial emotion recognition performance. [...]

Understanding how cognitive demands and pathology reshape functional connectivity (FC) requires multivariate, region-specific methods. Here, we introduce one-class SVM-based connectome anomaly recognition (OSCAR), which detects condition-related deviations in regional connectivity profiles. [...]