Documents in Process

When navigating, humans and other species rely on landmarks and on self-motion cues to infer their position in space. It is suggested that in cue-integration processes, reliable cues are highly weighed, compared to less reliable ones. [...]

Aim: Neurological symptoms, including cognitive complaints and fatigue, are common in post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC), a complex multisystem disorder following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although gut microbiota changes have been reported in PCC and linked to PCC-associated neurological manifestations, its relationship to structural or functional brain changes remains unexplored. [...]

People with Down Syndrome (DS) show deficits in executive functions (EF), yet their development across the lifespan remains poorly characterized. Central questions, whether EF improves into adulthood, peaks or plateaus, and when decline begins, have been difficult to answer due to small, heterogeneous, and mostly cross-sectional studies. [...]

Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent and associated with greater psychological symptom burden in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), yet the multidimensional nature of sleep disturbance in this population remains insufficiently characterized.This study aimed to (1) identify distinct sleep patterns in patients with an ICD using the seven Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) component scores, (2) examine sociodemographic and clinical predictors of sleep-profile membership, and (3) assess associations between sleep profiles and symptom burden of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression.Sleep profiles were derived from PSQI component scores using latent profile analysis (LPA). Sociodemographic and clinical determinants of profile membership were evaluated using multinomial logistic regression. [...]

The cGAS–STING pathway is a central mediator of antiviral immunity, yet its constitutive activation causes severe systemic autoinflammatory disease and neurodegeneration. Intermittent fasting (IF) has been proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy to attenuate inflammation and neurodegeneration. [...]

Animals rely on neural representations of sensory stimuli to rapidly recognize familiar environments and precisely identify salient cues. In the Drosophila mushroom body, odors are represented by the activity of Kenyon cells (KCs), whose random wiring with olfactory projection neurons (PNs) is generally thought to promote odor discrimination. [...]

Epilepsy is a relevant comorbidity of dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and probably directly related to its pathology. We aimed to generate hypotheses how interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) may be associated with pathological levels of AD markers from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).To perform bivariate analyses between IEDs or EEG background slowing to CSF AD markers including amyloid-β42 to amyloid-β40 ratio (Aβ ratio), total tau and phospho-tau.In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we identified 26 clinical AD patients who presented with at least one of three pathological neurodegeneration markers in the CSF (Aβ ratio ≤0.5, total tau ≥370 pg/ml, phospho-tau ≥66 pg/ml) and received at least one routine EEG.IEDs and EEG background slowing were present in 5/26 and 14/26 patients, respectively. [...]

Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), originally regarded as an antioxidant enzyme, is now recognized as a multifunctional protein whose conformational instability and aggregation contribute to neurodegeneration. The emerging evidence suggests that SOD1 pathology extends beyond amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, supporting a role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. [...]

Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly used in research and clinical settings to determine the etiology of cognitive decline and eligibility for amyloid-targeting therapies. To assist with amyloid PET evaluation and to guide clinical decision-making, images can be quantified in a standardized unit called Centiloid, the interpretation of which can vary according to the method and threshold used.To collect Centiloid values from available studies and determine robust positivity cutoffs using data-driven methods and correspondence with visual reads.PubMed search (October 2024) identified studies with Centiloid values. [...]