Documents in Process

The exact disease-causing mechanisms in ALS remain incompletely understood. A possible cause is inflammation of neurons. [...]

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also called Machado-Joseph disease, the most common form of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in ATXN3. The mutant protein is prone to aggregation and exerts toxic gain-of-function effects, whereas the wild-type protein has important neuroprotective roles as a deubiquitinase. [...]

Over the past few years, several fluid biomarker candidates have been proposed for frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We have previously identified CSF proteins that could separate individuals with genetic FTD from controls. [...]

Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease with multisystemic symptoms that requires multidisciplinary care. This systematic review summarizes available pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, their outcomes, and alignment with patient-centered care domains, as well as their impact on these domains. [...]

In Germany around 1.8 million people live with dementia, with the numbers rising. Dementia is underdiagnosed. [...]

Blood phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) accurately detects Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology but is also elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), likely reflecting peripheral (big) tau released from muscle. Assays selectively measuring brain-derived (BD-) tau and BD-p-tau217 are therefore needed. [...]

SHANK3 is a major postsynaptic scaffold protein that plays essential roles in synaptic organization and excitatory neurotransmission. Beyond its established synaptic functions, SHANK3 has been shown to translocate from excitatory synapses to the nucleus following synaptic stimulation. [...]

Plastic pollution is an emerging yet understudied environmental risk to the immune system. Once ingested, microplastic and nanoplastic particles (MNPs) can translocate from the gut to internal organs1-3, with macrophages serving as primary targets4. [...]

B cell activation typically involves binding of presented antigen by the B cell receptor. Ensuing intracellular signaling with Ca2+ mobilization, cytoskeletal remodeling, and transcriptional changes culminates in an appropriate B cell response. [...]

The hippocampus is a heterogeneous structure with cytoarchitectonically distinct subfields that exhibit heterogeneous lifespan trajectories and are differentially susceptible to diseases. Advances in high-resolution imaging have accelerated research on these structures, yet variability in segmentation protocols limits cross-study comparability. [...]