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024 7 _ |a 10.1038/ijo.2015.204
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024 7 _ |a 0307-0565
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024 7 _ |a 1476-5497
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037 _ _ |a DZNE-2026-00101
041 _ _ |a English
082 _ _ |a 610
100 1 _ |a Freire, R. H.
|b 0
245 _ _ |a Wheat gluten intake increases weight gain and adiposity associated with reduced thermogenesis and energy expenditure in an animal model of obesity
260 _ _ |a Avenel, NJ
|c 2016
|b Nature Publ. Group
336 7 _ |a article
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520 _ _ |a The association between gluten and body weight is inconsistent. Previously, we showed that a gluten-free diet reduces weight gain without changing food intake in mice fed high-fat diets. In the present study, we investigated the effects of gluten intake on fat metabolism, thermogenesis and energy expenditure in mice fed a standard or high-fat diet.Mice were fed four different experimental diets during 8 weeks: a control-standard diet (CD), a CD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (CD-G), a high-fat diet (HFD) and a HFD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (HFD-G). After 8 weeks, the mice received (99m)Tc-radiolabeled gluten orally to study gluten absorption and biodistribution or they underwent indirect calorimetry. After killing, subcutaneous and brown adipose tissues (SAT and BAT) were collected to assess thermogenesis-related protein expression. Lipid metabolism was studied in adipocyte cultures from the four groups.Despite having had the same energy intake, CD-G and HFD-G mice exhibited increased body weight and fat deposits compared with their respective controls. (99m)Tc-GLU or its peptides were detected in the blood, liver and visceral adipose tissue, suggesting that gluten can even reach extraintestinal organs. Uncoupling protein-1 expression was reduced in the BAT of HFD-G and in the SAT of CD-G and HFD-G mice. Indirect calorimetry showed lower oxygen volume consumption in CD-G and HFD-G groups compared with their controls. In HFD mice, daily energy expenditure was reduced with gluten intake. Gluten also reduced adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPARγ and hormone-sensitive lipase in cultures of isolated adipocytes from HFD mice, whereas in the CD-G group, gluten intake increased interleukin-6 expression and tended to increase that of tumor necrosis factor.Wheat gluten promotes weight gain in animals on both HFD and CD, partly by reducing the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissues.
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650 _ 7 |a Glutens
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650 _ 2 |a Adipogenesis
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Adiposity
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Animals
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Disease Models, Animal
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Energy Intake
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Energy Metabolism: physiology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Feeding Behavior
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Gene Expression Regulation
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Glutens
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Lipid Metabolism
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Male
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Mice
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Mice, Inbred C57BL
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Obesity: metabolism
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Thermogenesis
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Weight Gain: physiology
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Fernandes, L. R.
|b 1
700 1 _ |a Silva, R. B.
|b 2
700 1 _ |a Coelho, B. S. L.
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700 1 _ |a de Araújo, L. P. T.
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700 1 _ |a Secchim Ribeiro, Lucas
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700 1 _ |a Andrade, J. M. O.
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700 1 _ |a Lima, P. M. A.
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700 1 _ |a Araújo, R. S.
|b 8
700 1 _ |a Santos, S. H. S.
|b 9
700 1 _ |a Coimbra, C. C.
|b 10
700 1 _ |a Cardoso, V. N.
|b 11
700 1 _ |a Alvarez-Leite, J. I.
|b 12
773 _ _ |a 10.1038/ijo.2015.204
|g Vol. 40, no. 3, p. 479 - 486
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|p 479 - 486
|t International journal of obesity
|v 40
|y 2016
|x 0307-0565
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