000284096 001__ 284096 000284096 005__ 20260126095215.0 000284096 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.pbb.2014.04.008 000284096 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0091-3057 000284096 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1873-5177 000284096 037__ $$aDZNE-2026-00104 000284096 041__ $$aEnglish 000284096 082__ $$a540 000284096 1001_ $$aGodin, Adriana M.$$b0 000284096 245__ $$aActivities of 2-phthalimidethanol and 2-phthalimidethyl nitrate, phthalimide analogs devoid of the glutarimide moiety, in experimental models of inflammatory pain and edema 000284096 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2014 000284096 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000284096 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000284096 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1769417421_1864 000284096 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000284096 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000284096 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000284096 520__ $$aThe reintroduction of thalidomide in the pharmacotherapy greatly stimulated the interest in the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of phthalimide analogs with new and improved activities and also greater safety. In the present study, we evaluated the activities of two phthalimide analogs devoid of the glutarimide ring, namely 2-phthalimidethanol (PTD-OH) and 2-phthalimidethyl nitrate (PTD-NO), in experimental models of inflammatory pain and edema in male C57BL/6J mice. Intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of carrageenan (300 μg) induced mechanical allodynia and this response was inhibited by previous per os (p.o.) administration of PTD-OH and PTD-NO (750 mg/kg) and also by thalidomide (500 or 750 mg/kg). The edema induced by carrageenan was also inhibited by previous p.o. administration of PTD-OH (500 and 750 mg/kg) and PTD-NO (125, 250, 500 or 750 mg/kg), but not by thalidomide. Carrageenan increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and CXCL1 concentrations and also the number of neutrophils in the paw tissue. Previous p.o. administration of PTD-NO (500 mg/kg) reduced all the parameters, while PTD-OH (500 mg/kg) reduced only the accumulation of neutrophils. Thalidomide, on the other hand, was devoid of effect on these biochemical parameters. Plasma concentrations of nitrite were increased after p.o. administration of the phthalimide analog coupled to a NO donor, PTD-NO (500 mg/kg), but not after administration of PTD-OH or thalidomide. In conclusion, our results show that small molecules, structurally much simpler than thalidomide or many of its analogs under investigation, exhibit similar activities in experimental models of pain and inflammation. Finally, as there is evidence that the glutarimide moiety contributes to the teratogenic effect of many thalidomide analogs, our results indicate that phthalimide analogs devoid of this functional group could represent a new class of analgesic and anti-inflammatory candidates with potential greater safety. 000284096 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899$$a899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)$$cPOF4-899$$fPOF IV$$x0 000284096 588__ $$aDataset connected to DataCite 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$a2-Phthalimidethanol 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$a2-Phthalimidethyl nitrate 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$aInflammation 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$aPain 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$aPhthalimide analogs 000284096 650_7 $$2Other$$aThalidomide 000284096 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aKetoglutaric Acids 000284096 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aPhthalimides 000284096 650_7 $$01J6PQ7YI80$$2NLM Chemicals$$aphthalimide 000284096 650_7 $$025335-74-4$$2NLM Chemicals$$aglutaramic acid 000284096 650_7 $$09000-07-1$$2NLM Chemicals$$aCarrageenan 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAnimals 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCarrageenan: toxicity 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDisease Models, Animal 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aEdema: chemically induced 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aEdema: drug therapy 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aEdema: metabolism 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aInflammation: drug therapy 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aInflammation: metabolism 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aKetoglutaric Acids: chemistry 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMice 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMice, Inbred C57BL 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPain: drug therapy 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPain: metabolism 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPain Measurement: drug effects 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPain Measurement: methods 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhthalimides: chemistry 000284096 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhthalimides: therapeutic use 000284096 7001_ $$aAraújo, Débora P.$$b1 000284096 7001_ $$aMenezes, Raquel R.$$b2 000284096 7001_ $$aBrito, Ana Mercy S.$$b3 000284096 7001_ $$aMelo, Ivo S. F.$$b4 000284096 7001_ $$aCoura, Giovanna M. E.$$b5 000284096 7001_ $$aSoares, Darly G.$$b6 000284096 7001_ $$aBastos, Leandro F. S.$$b7 000284096 7001_ $$aAmaral, Flávio A.$$b8 000284096 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001782$$aSecchim Ribeiro, Lucas$$b9$$udzne 000284096 7001_ $$aBoff, Daiane$$b10 000284096 7001_ $$aSantos, Julliana R. 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