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The cGAS–STING pathway is a central mediator of antiviral immunity, yet its constitutive activation causes severe systemic autoinflammatory disease and neurodegeneration. Intermittent fasting (IF) has been proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy to attenuate inflammation and neurodegeneration. [...]

Animals rely on neural representations of sensory stimuli to rapidly recognize familiar environments and precisely identify salient cues. In the Drosophila mushroom body, odors are represented by the activity of Kenyon cells (KCs), whose random wiring with olfactory projection neurons (PNs) is generally thought to promote odor discrimination. [...]

Epilepsy is a relevant comorbidity of dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and probably directly related to its pathology. We aimed to generate hypotheses how interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) may be associated with pathological levels of AD markers from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).To perform bivariate analyses between IEDs or EEG background slowing to CSF AD markers including amyloid-β42 to amyloid-β40 ratio (Aβ ratio), total tau and phospho-tau.In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we identified 26 clinical AD patients who presented with at least one of three pathological neurodegeneration markers in the CSF (Aβ ratio ≤0.5, total tau ≥370 pg/ml, phospho-tau ≥66 pg/ml) and received at least one routine EEG.IEDs and EEG background slowing were present in 5/26 and 14/26 patients, respectively. [...]

Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), originally regarded as an antioxidant enzyme, is now recognized as a multifunctional protein whose conformational instability and aggregation contribute to neurodegeneration. The emerging evidence suggests that SOD1 pathology extends beyond amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, supporting a role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. [...]

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common and is closely associated with obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular risk. However, most evidence has been generated in predominantly Western populations, and it remains unclear whether the relationship between SDB, adiposity, and cardiometabolic health is comparable across populations with different anthropometric and disease-risk profiles. [...]

We recently established an external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for next-generation sequencing (NGS) diagnostics in rare neurological disorders (RND) in collaboration with the EMQN. The first assessment rounds revealed limitations and variability in the quality and completeness of genetic testing reports. [...]

Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes responsible for degrading chitin and have been evolutionarily conserved across various species. Although their signalling pathways are not fully understood, the chitinases are considered active immunomodulators across several cell types. [...]

Epilepsy has long been conceptualized as a disorder in which aberrant brain dynamics extend beyond the epileptogenic zone. Evidence demonstrates that loss of entropy is a generic feature of pathological dynamics in the brain, including the ictal state. [...]

To evaluate [18F]fluorodeprenyl-D2 ([18F]F-DED) positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging as a biomarker of disease activity in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibodies.[18F]F-DED PET was performed in 25 GAD65-AIE patients and 8 controls using dynamic (0-60 min) and static (30-60 min) acquisitions. Global astrogliosis was assessed by volumes of distribution (VT; 1-tissue-compartment model with carotid input) and standardized uptake values (SUV). [...]