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Adult neurogenesis sustains olfactory function, facilitates the acquisition of new memories, and provides resilience against depression in mice. Neural stem cells (NSCs) elicit selective responses to different physiological and pathological stimuli, thereby modulating neuron production. [...]

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis declines with age, but the stress pathways that shape neural precursor cell (NPC) survival and lineage progression remain incompletely understood. Here, we tested whether ferroptosis-related vulnerability contributes to the regulation of hippocampal NPCs and their progeny. [...]

Subjective cognitive decline is common in older adults and may represent an early clinical signal along the Alzheimer's disease continuum. The clinical relevance of longitudinal changes in subjective cognitive decline remains unclear.To determine whether trajectories of self- or study partner-reported cognitive decline predict progression to mild cognitive impairment and reflect Alzheimer's disease-specific biological patterns.Data were pooled from two observational cohorts. [...]

Patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) face multiple challenges, including cardiac disease and shock discharges. Compared to anxiety, depression, and PTSD, adjustment disorder (AjD) remains under-researched. [...]

With advanced tools and techniques, it is now possible to genetically diagnose an increasing number of individuals with rare diseases for which no disease-modifying treatment exists. For a subset of affected individuals, it is possible to develop individualized interventions to modulate and/or correct the underlying genetic defect. [...]

Serine incorporator 5 (SERINC5) restricts the infectivity of various enveloped viruses, including HIV-1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. However, these pandemic viral pathogens have evolved mechanisms to counteract this restriction. [...]

The condensed form of the neural extracellular matrix (ECM), known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), is predominantly associated with parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons in the cortex and hippocampus. PNNs are enriched in lecticans, including neurocan (Ncan). [...]

We investigated how plasma biomarkers (phosphorylated tau 217 [ptau217], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], neurofilament light chain [NfL]) relate to imaging markers of small vessel disease (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cognition in memory clinic patients.76 memory clinic patients underwent plasma biomarker assessment, neuropsychological testing, and 3T MRI. SVD burden was assessed using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, mean skeletonized mean diffusivity (MSMD), and fiber density. [...]

Atrophy of the tongue muscle without severe dysarthria is one of the clinical hallmarks of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a motor neuron disease caused by an androgene receptor defect. An operator-independent AI-based automatic segmentation of the tongue was applied to 3-D MRI data of the head in SBMA in order to quantify the tongue atrophy. [...]

Listing tools were found to ameliorate drug treatment in older people; the FORTA (Fit-fOR-The-Aged) list is a clinically validated positive-negative list of medication appropriateness. Here, we retrospectively analyze longitudinal correlations between the FORTA score and key measures of physical and cognitive function in older people.504 participants of a multi-center cohort study (AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe) for whom the FORTA score (sum of over- and under-treatment errors) had been assessed were studied at three follow-up (FU) time points (FU 6-8; mean age range 87.9-89.7 years); comparisons between data at these FUs separated by 10 months were available for 292-328 patients.The univariate analysis of the association between FORTA_Delta_76 (change of FORTA score between FU 6 and 7) and ADL (Activities of Daily Living)_Delta_76 (- 0.155, p < 0.01) and between FORTA_Delta_76 and MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)_Delta_76 (- 0.203, p < 0.01) revealed significant correlations. [...]