Journal Article

Cognitive flexibility is an executive function that enables adapting behaviour to a changing environment and is thus critical for daily life. The degree of its preservation upon healthy aging and the neural mechanisms underlying it are still a matter of debate. [...]

Neutrophil granulocytes actively contribute to tissue damage after ischemic stroke. The membrane protein CD (cluster of differentiation)177 is detectable on variable neutrophil numbers in most individuals (CD177 wild-type [CD177WT] genotype), whereas ≈5% of the general population completely lack CD177 (CD177-deficient [CD177null] genotype). [...]

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with serious complications. Residents of nursing homes are particularly vulnerable to developing delirium. [...]

Social factors have been linked to cognitive decline and risk of dementia. However, our understanding of their impact on cognition in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is still limited.This study examined whether two structural social factors, relationship status (RS) and living situation (LS), modify the association between AD pathology and cognition.Observational, analysis of existing cohort data.Data were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) and the Imaging Dementia-Evidence for Amyloid Scanning (IDEAS) study.Participants with available data on cognitive performance, AD pathology, and structural social factors.We used the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a widely used brief screening measure of global cognitive status. [...]

In tauopathies, tau accumulation and neuroinflammation are associated with progressive synaptic and network alterations that contribute to neurodegeneration. We used 8 PS19 and 12 C57Bl/6 (WT) mice undergoing consecutive [18F]UCB-H PET scans between 5.7 and 11.0 months of age to longitudinally evaluate SV2A expression levels, with terminal validation via immunohistochemistry. [...]

Cognitive domains are central to diagnosing cognitive impairment in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), yet are defined by expert consensus and cross-sectional data that assume temporal stability. This study examined whether cognitive domains remain stable or reorganize dynamically over time in PwPD. [...]

Centrum semiovale perivascular spaces (CSO PVS) are common to different cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) subtypes, yet their enlargement to the point of visibility on magnetic resonance imaging is thought to occur through distinct mechanisms. In cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), CSO PVS are thought to reflect impaired perivascular Aβ (amyloid-β) drainage, whereas in deep perforator arteriopathy (DPA) they may result from microangiopathy-related arterial stiffening and altered fluid dynamics. [...]

Understanding the mechanisms of injury following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major goal in neonatal research. HIE can have severe effects on cognitive and motor development in newborns, including an increased risk of death. [...]

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, and the top contributor to neurological disability-adjusted life years globally. Current trends suggest that stroke incidence will continue to rise, especially in low- and middle-income countries.Prevention opportunities are substantial because the majority of stroke burden is linked to modifiable risk factors. [...]

Understanding how the injured nervous system adapts to training is key to advancing rehabilitation across neurological disorders. Using spinal cord injury (SCI) as a model of severe motor-sensory disruption, we investigate whether training-induced structural plasticity in the brain is preserved despite ongoing neurodegeneration. [...]