Journal Article

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The central underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases are vascular aging and associated arterial stiffness. [...]

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive impairments in motor function, behaviour and cognition, leading to disability, dependency and premature death. Due to its monogenetic origin, HK serves as a model disease for many rare diseases and is currently the focus of general medical interest as numerous clinical trials have been conducted. [...]

Objective: The etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is affected via oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzymes are extremely important in preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing damage in the cell. [...]

In image processing, classical methods minimize a suitable functional that balances between compu-tational feasibility (convexity of the functional is ideal) and suitable penalties reflecting the desired image decomposition. The fact that algorithms derived from such minimization problems can be used to construct (deep) learning architectures has spurred the development of algorithms that can be trained for a specifically desired image decomposition, e.g., into cartoon and texture. [...]

In Parkinson's disease (PD), continuous sensor-based evaluation of motor symptom severity, e.g., using accelerometry, has become an emerging field of interest in clinical research. Continuous symptom monitoring would also be of interest in preclinical disease models; however, such devices are far less established in animal models, most likely due to additional requirements in size, energy consumption, and impairment-free attachment. [...]

Adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) dynamically adjusts stimulation amplitude based on neurophysiological feedback and may alleviate residual motor fluctuations in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, potential clinical benefits and programming strategies remain poorly understood. [...]

Understanding and treating inflammation has proven a formidable challenge. The initiator and central motor of inflammation, the protein NLRP3, is an innate immune sentinel and nonspecific sensor of cellular perturbation. [...]

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) phosphorylates a subset of Rab GTPases that regulate receptor trafficking, and LRRK2-activating mutations are linked to Parkinson's disease. Rab phosphorylation is a transient event that can be reversed by phosphatases, including protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1H (PPM1H), which acts on phosphorylated Rab 8A (phosphoRab8A) and phosphoRab10. [...]

Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels are elevated in the majority of persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and increase over time. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is an established therapy response biomarker in ALS as superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1)-ALS patients treated with the antisense oligonucleotide tofersen show a decrease in NfL. [...]