Journal Article

Serine incorporator 5 (SERINC5) restricts the infectivity of various enveloped viruses, including HIV-1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. However, these pandemic viral pathogens have evolved mechanisms to counteract this restriction. [...]

The condensed form of the neural extracellular matrix (ECM), known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), is predominantly associated with parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons in the cortex and hippocampus. PNNs are enriched in lecticans, including neurocan (Ncan). [...]

In Alzheimer's disease, carriage of the apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE4) risk allele is linked to faster tau accumulation at lower amyloid-PET levels, thereby accelerating disease progression. However, it remains unclear whether this ApoE4-facilitated transition from amyloidosis to tauopathy is mechanistically promoted by increased secretion of phosphorylated tau (ptau), a key intermediate that drives the amyloid-to-tauopathy transition, or alternatively by increased ptau-driven tau aggregation. [...]

In the European Union (EU), donanemab is indicated in adults with early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease who are apolipoprotein E ε4 non-carriers or heterozygotes. Among these, patients without superficial siderosis at baseline, uncontrolled hypertension, or anticoagulant use are eligible.To assess efficacy and safety of donanemab in the EU-eligible population.A post-hoc conservative hybrid imputation method was implemented for clinical efficacy analyses during the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 placebo-controlled period. [...]

The evolutionarily conserved RNA exosome complex modulates gene expression during development. Mutations in RNA exosome complex subunits have been implicated in various human brain disorders, suggesting that defects in RNA decay are linked to impaired neural development. [...]

We investigated how plasma biomarkers (phosphorylated tau 217 [ptau217], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], neurofilament light chain [NfL]) relate to imaging markers of small vessel disease (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cognition in memory clinic patients.76 memory clinic patients underwent plasma biomarker assessment, neuropsychological testing, and 3T MRI. SVD burden was assessed using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, mean skeletonized mean diffusivity (MSMD), and fiber density. [...]

Atrophy of the tongue muscle without severe dysarthria is one of the clinical hallmarks of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a motor neuron disease caused by an androgene receptor defect. An operator-independent AI-based automatic segmentation of the tongue was applied to 3-D MRI data of the head in SBMA in order to quantify the tongue atrophy. [...]

Listing tools were found to ameliorate drug treatment in older people; the FORTA (Fit-fOR-The-Aged) list is a clinically validated positive-negative list of medication appropriateness. Here, we retrospectively analyze longitudinal correlations between the FORTA score and key measures of physical and cognitive function in older people.504 participants of a multi-center cohort study (AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe) for whom the FORTA score (sum of over- and under-treatment errors) had been assessed were studied at three follow-up (FU) time points (FU 6-8; mean age range 87.9-89.7 years); comparisons between data at these FUs separated by 10 months were available for 292-328 patients.The univariate analysis of the association between FORTA_Delta_76 (change of FORTA score between FU 6 and 7) and ADL (Activities of Daily Living)_Delta_76 (- 0.155, p < 0.01) and between FORTA_Delta_76 and MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)_Delta_76 (- 0.203, p < 0.01) revealed significant correlations. [...]

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare disorder of the nervous system that detrimentally influences health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Evidence regarding factors influencing HRQoL in CIDP is scarce. [...]

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNA, regulating RNA fate. While the functions of m6A in the development of the mammalian brain have been extensively studied, its role in synaptic plasticity, and brain function remain underexplored. [...]