Journal Article

Elevated blood levels of phosphorylated tau (p-tau) are diagnostic of Alzheimer disease and are associated with the deposition of amyloid-β in the cerebral neuropil. Elevated p-tau levels have also been associated with cerebral deposition of Danish amyloid and prion protein amyloid. [...]

The increasing evidence that non-coding RNAs can become deregulated during pathogenesis is dramatically expanding the space for drug discovery beyond the protein-coding genome. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of cellular function, yet most remain uncharacterized. [...]

Gender, sex and ethnicity-sensitive approaches to psychosocial interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia have been under-represented in the literature. Although the initial findings have revealed relevant differences with regard to sex, gender and ethnicity-sensitive approaches to those interventions. [...]

Carriers of the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene have an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIAs) upon anti-amyloid beta (Αβ) immunotherapy. Measuring apoE4 and pan-apoE proteins in blood plasma for apoE4 proteotyping may offer an alternative to APOE genotyping.We assessed apoE4 proteotyping accuracy in 479 participants of the prospective FINd DElirium RIsk factors (FINDERI) study in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and compared results to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) genotyping.Proteotype-genotype discordance occurred in 8 of 479 participants (1.67%). [...]

Astrocytes maintain extracellular ion and transmitter homeostasis, with the Na⁺ inward gradient playing a crucial role. Earlier studies suggested a rather low, uniform Na⁺ distribution in astrocytes, consistent with the view that these basic homeostatic properties are well-protected. [...]

Advanced MRI techniques may provide non-invasive insight into the molecular heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI reflects endogenous protein and peptide content, but its clinical and molecular correlates in therapy-naive glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, remain incompletely understood.This retrospective single-center study included 53 adult patients with therapy-naive glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, who underwent preoperative APTw MRI. [...]

Clinical proteomics is an evolving discipline that aims to identify new biomarker candidates of human disease to improve diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. This article outlines the pathoproteomic characterization of dystrophinopathies, which are classified as muscle wasting diseases due to mutations in the DMD gene.The Special Report focuses on the proteomic profiling of progressive Duchenne muscular dystrophy of early childhood and more benign and later-onset Becker muscular dystrophy. [...]

Objective.Deep brain stimulation is an established therapy for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, but its underlying mechanisms and tissue effects remain incompletely understood. A particular challenge arises from the foreign body response to implanted electrodes, which leads to scar formation and encapsulation, altering the electrical properties of the surrounding tissue. [...]

The Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index evaluates modifiable dementia risk, mainly in midlife and older adults. We examined the frequency of LIBRA factors and their individual and combined associations with cognitive functioning across adulthood (20-75 years), considering age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES).Data came from the population-based German National Cohort (NAKO baseline; n = 149,948). [...]

Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical for timely intervention as disease-modifying treatments emerge. Speech-based digital biomarkers offer scalable options for remotely capturing speech-derived functional changes associated with early cognitive decline, but validation across real-world populations remains limited.We evaluated the speech biomarker for cognition (SB-C), an automated speech-derived measure associated with cognitive status, in 736 participants across five European cohorts (Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center's Alzheimer's at-risk cohort, European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Scotland, Dementia Study of Cognitive and Biomarker Dynamics, Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study, and Biomarkers for Identifying Neurodegenerative Disorders Early and Reliably [BioFINDER-Primary Care]). [...]