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@ARTICLE{Axmacher:137250,
      author       = {Axmacher, Nikolai},
      title        = {{C}ausation in psychoanalysis.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in psychology},
      volume       = {4},
      issn         = {1664-1078},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-03572},
      pages        = {77},
      year         = {2013},
      abstract     = {It has been argued that psychoanalytic and biological
                      theories cannot be integrated because they rely on different
                      epistemological grounds, namely on hermeneutic versus causal
                      explanations, that are inconsistent with each other. Such
                      inconsistency would seriously question the general
                      possibility of neuropsychoanalytic research. Here, I review
                      three important arguments that have been raised in favor of
                      this inconsistency: first, that psychoanalytic attempts to
                      overcome repression aim to go beyond causal relationships;
                      second, that hermeneutic explanations are retrospective and
                      context-dependent and therefore follow a different logic
                      than causal explanations; and third, that only causal
                      hypotheses are falsifiable, while the introspective reasons
                      for one's own behavior are not. I present arguments against
                      each of these statements and show that actually, causal and
                      hermeneutic explanations are, at least in principle,
                      consistent with each other. The challenge for
                      neuropsychoanalytic research remains to find indeed
                      empirical examples of theories which are causal and
                      hermeneutic at the same time.},
      cin          = {AG Axmacher},
      ddc          = {150},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000027},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:23443984},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC3581072},
      doi          = {10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00077},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/137250},
}