% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Reber:138364,
      author       = {Reber, T. P. and Do Lam, A. T. A. and Axmacher, N. and
                      Elger, C. E. and Helmstaedter, C. and Henke, K. and Fell,
                      J.},
      title        = {{I}ntracranial {EEG} correlates of implicit relational
                      inference within the hippocampus.},
      journal      = {Hippocampus},
      volume       = {26},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1050-9631},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-04686},
      pages        = {54-66},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Drawing inferences from past experiences enables adaptive
                      behavior in future situations. Inference has been shown to
                      depend on hippocampal processes. Usually, inference is
                      considered a deliberate and effortful mental act which
                      happens during retrieval, and requires the focus of our
                      awareness. Recent fMRI studies hint at the possibility that
                      some forms of hippocampus-dependent inference can also occur
                      during encoding and possibly also outside of awareness.
                      Here, we sought to further explore the feasibility of
                      hippocampal implicit inference, and specifically address the
                      temporal evolution of implicit inference using intracranial
                      EEG. Presurgical epilepsy patients with hippocampal depth
                      electrodes viewed a sequence of word pairs, and judged the
                      semantic fit between two words in each pair. Some of the
                      word pairs entailed a common word (e.g., 'winter-red,'
                      'red-cat') such that an indirect relation was established in
                      following word pairs (e.g., 'winter-cat'). The behavioral
                      results suggested that drawing inference implicitly from
                      past experience is feasible because indirect relations
                      seemed to foster 'fit' judgments while the absence of
                      indirect relations fostered 'do not fit' judgments, even
                      though the participants were unaware of the indirect
                      relations. A event-related potential (ERP) difference
                      emerging 400 ms post-stimulus was evident in the hippocampus
                      during encoding, suggesting that indirect relations were
                      already established automatically during encoding of the
                      overlapping word pairs. Further ERP differences emerged
                      later post-stimulus (1,500 ms), were modulated by the
                      participants' responses and were evident during encoding and
                      test. Furthermore, response-locked ERP effects were evident
                      at test. These ERP effects could hence be a correlate of the
                      interaction of implicit memory with decision-making.
                      Together, the data map out a time-course in which the
                      hippocampus automatically integrates memories from discrete
                      but related episodes to implicitly influence future decision
                      making.},
      keywords     = {Adult / Decision Making: physiology / Drug Resistant
                      Epilepsy: physiopathology / Drug Resistant Epilepsy:
                      psychology / Drug Resistant Epilepsy: surgery /
                      Electrocorticography / Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe:
                      physiopathology / Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe: psychology /
                      Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe: surgery / Evoked Potentials /
                      Female / Hippocampus: physiology / Hippocampus:
                      physiopathology / Hippocampus: surgery / Humans / Judgment:
                      physiology / Language Tests / Male / Memory: physiology /
                      Middle Aged / Neuropsychological Tests / Photic Stimulation
                      / Reaction Time / Reading / Semantics / Visual Perception:
                      physiology / Young Adult},
      cin          = {AG Axmacher},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000027},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:26136107},
      doi          = {10.1002/hipo.22490},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/138364},
}