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@ARTICLE{Kunz:139073,
      author       = {Kunz, Lukas and Reuter, Martin and Axmacher, Nikolai and
                      Montag, Christian},
      title        = {{C}onscientiousness is {N}egatively {A}ssociated with
                      {G}rey {M}atter {V}olume in {Y}oung {APOE} ɛ4-{C}arriers.},
      journal      = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease},
      volume       = {56},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1387-2877},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {IOS Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-05395},
      pages        = {1135-1144},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The etiology of late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD)
                      depends on multiple factors, among which the APOE ɛ4 allele
                      is the most adverse genetic determinant and
                      conscientiousness represents an influential personality
                      trait. A potential association of both factors with brain
                      structure in young adulthood may constitute a constellation
                      that sets the course toward or against the subtle disease
                      progression of LOAD that starts decades before clinical
                      manifestation. Hence, in the present study, we examined the
                      modulating effects of APOE ɛ4 on the relation between
                      personality dimensions, including conscientiousness, and
                      total grey matter volume (GMV) in young healthy adults using
                      an a priori genotyping design. 105 participants completed an
                      inventory assessing the Five Factor Model of Personality
                      (NEO-FFI) and a structural MRI scan. Total GMV was estimated
                      using both Freesurfer as well as VBM8. Across all
                      participants, total GMV was positively associated with
                      extraversion and negatively related to age. In APOE
                      ɛ4-carriers- but not in APOE ɛ4-non-carriers-
                      conscientiousness was negatively associated with total GMV.
                      In line with the hypothesis of antagonistic pleiotropy of
                      the APOE ɛ4 allele, this result suggests that young APOE
                      ɛ4-carriers with increased total GMV may particularly
                      benefit from cognitive advantages and thus have a lower need
                      to engage in conscientious behavior. In this subset of young
                      APOE ɛ4-carriers, the reduction in conscientiousness could
                      then bring along adverse health behavior in the long run,
                      potentiating the risk for LOAD. Hence, young APOE
                      ɛ4-carriers with increased total GMV may be at a
                      particularly high risk for LOAD.},
      keywords     = {Apolipoprotein E3: genetics / Apolipoprotein E4: genetics /
                      Brain: diagnostic imaging / Female / Genotyping Techniques /
                      Gray Matter: diagnostic imaging / Heterozygote / Humans /
                      Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Magnetic Resonance
                      Imaging / Male / Multivariate Analysis / Organ Size /
                      Personality: genetics / Self Report / Young Adult /
                      Apolipoprotein E3 (NLM Chemicals) / Apolipoprotein E4 (NLM
                      Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Axmacher},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000027},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28106551},
      doi          = {10.3233/JAD-160854},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/139073},
}