TY  - JOUR
AU  - Llonch, Sílvia
AU  - Carido, Magdalena
AU  - Ader, Marius
TI  - Organoid technology for retinal repair.
JO  - Developmental biology
VL  - 433
IS  - 2
SN  - 0012-1606
CY  - Amsterdam [u.a.]
PB  - Elsevier
M1  - DZNE-2020-06068
SP  - 132-143
PY  - 2018
AB  - A major cause for vision impairment and blindness in industrialized countries is the loss of the light-sensing retinal tissue in the eye. Photoreceptor damage is one of the main characteristics found in retinal degeneration diseases, such as Retinitis Pigmentosa or age-related macular degeneration. The lack of effective therapies to stop photoreceptor loss together with the absence of significant intrinsic regeneration in the human retina converts such degenerative diseases into permanent conditions that are currently irreversible. Cell replacement by means of photoreceptor transplantation has been proposed as a potential approach to tackle cell loss in the retina. Since the first attempt of photoreceptor transplantation in humans, about twenty years ago, several research groups have focused in the development and improvement of technologies necessary to bring cell transplantation for retinal degeneration diseases to reality. Progress in recent years in the generation of human tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has significantly improved our tools to study human development and disease in the dish. Particularly the availability of 3D culture systems for the generation of PSC-derived organoids, including the human retina, has dramatically increased access to human material for basic and medical research. In this review, we focus on important milestones towards the generation of transplantable photoreceptor precursors from PSC-derived retinal organoids and discuss recent pre-clinical transplantation studies using organoid-derived photoreceptors in context to related in vivo work using primary photoreceptors as donor material. Additionally, we summarize remaining challenges for developing photoreceptor transplantation towards clinical application.
KW  - Translational Research, Biomedical
KW  - Animals
KW  - Cellular Reprogramming Techniques
KW  - Culture Media, Serum-Free: pharmacology
KW  - Embryonic Stem Cells: cytology
KW  - Embryonic Stem Cells: drug effects
KW  - Humans
KW  - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: transplantation
KW  - Mice
KW  - Morphogenesis
KW  - Organoids: transplantation
KW  - Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate: transplantation
KW  - Pluripotent Stem Cells: transplantation
KW  - Retina: cytology
KW  - Retinal Degeneration: therapy
KW  - Species Specificity
KW  - Tissue Culture Techniques
KW  - Translational Medical Research
KW  - Culture Media, Serum-Free (NLM Chemicals)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:29291970
DO  - DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.028
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/139746
ER  -