TY - JOUR AU - Walker, Tara AU - Schallenberg, Sonja AU - Rund, Nicole AU - Grönnert, Lisa AU - Rust, Ruslan AU - Kretschmer, Karsten AU - Kempermann, Gerd TI - T Lymphocytes Contribute to the Control of Baseline Neural Precursor Cell Proliferation but Not the Exercise-Induced Up-Regulation of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. JO - Frontiers in immunology VL - 9 SN - 1664-3224 CY - Lausanne PB - Frontiers Media M1 - DZNE-2020-06706 SP - 2856 PY - 2018 AB - Cross-talk between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system is important for physiological brain health. T cells are required to maintain normal baseline levels of neural precursor proliferation in the hippocampus of adult mice. We show here that neither T cells, B cells, natural killer cells nor natural killer T cells are required for the increase in hippocampal precursor proliferation that occurs in response to physical exercise. In addition, we demonstrate that a subpopulation of T cells, regulatory T cells, is not involved in maintaining baseline levels of neural precursor proliferation. Even when applied at supraphysiological numbers, populations of both naive and stimulated lymphocytes had no effect on hippocampal precursor proliferation in vitro. In addition, physical activity had no effect on peripheral immune cells in terms of distribution in the bone marrow, lymph nodes or spleen, activation state or chemokine receptor (CXCR4 and CCR9) expression. Together these results suggest that lymphocytes are not involved in translating the peripheral effects of exercise to the neurogenic niche in the hippocampus and further support the idea that the exercise-induced regulation of adult neurogenesis is mechanistically distinct from its baseline control. KW - Animals KW - B-Lymphocytes: immunology KW - B-Lymphocytes: metabolism KW - Cell Proliferation KW - Hippocampus: cytology KW - Hippocampus: immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural: immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural: metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Neural Stem Cells: immunology KW - Neural Stem Cells: metabolism KW - Neurogenesis: immunology KW - Physical Conditioning, Animal: physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes: immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes: metabolism KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory: immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory: metabolism KW - Up-Regulation LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:30619254 C2 - pmc:PMC6297802 DO - DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02856 UR - https://pub.dzne.de/record/140384 ER -