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@ARTICLE{Schller:140498,
      author       = {Schüller, Canan Beate and Kuhn, Jens and Jessen, Frank and
                      Hu, Xiaochen},
      title        = {{N}euronal correlates of delay discounting in healthy
                      subjects and its implication for addiction: an {ALE}
                      meta-analysis study.},
      journal      = {The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse},
      volume       = {45},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0095-2990},
      address      = {Abingdon},
      publisher    = {Taylor $\&$ Francis Group},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-06820},
      pages        = {51-66},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Delay discounting (DD) describes the phenomenon of
                      devaluing future rewards in favor of immediate rewards.
                      Increased DD is a key behavioral marker of addiction, and
                      has been suggested as a target for interventions to
                      alleviate addiction symptoms (e.g., preference for immediate
                      drug use over larger-and-later rewards, and relapses) in
                      patients with substance use disorders (SUD).Performed a
                      meta-analysis on neuroimaging results of DD regarding
                      specific contrasts in healthy participants. Reviewed the
                      results of existing patient studies in light of the
                      meta-analyses results.We conducted activation likelihood
                      estimation meta-analyses on DD neuroimaging studies (25
                      studies, n = 583; 354 males and 229 females) regarding six
                      analytic strategies.The meta-analyses revealed various
                      subdivisions of the cortical-basal ganglia circuits that are
                      associated with different aspects of DD in healthy subjects.
                      By comparing the meta-analyses results and patients' studies
                      regarding each contrast, we highlighted three brain regions
                      that may underlie excessive DD in patients. Decreased left
                      inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity was related to less
                      preference for delayed choices; reduced ventral striatum
                      (VS) activity was associated with impaired valuation
                      processes; and declined anterior cingulate cortex
                      (ACC)/medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity was
                      associated with alterations in processing difficult
                      choices.We propose that neuromodulation (e.g. deep brain
                      simulation) or behavioral interventions (e.g. episodic
                      future imagination) targeting these key brain regions (IFG,
                      VS, ACC/mPFC) may be effective for improving DD function in
                      patients with SUD, enhancing valuations of future rewards
                      and helping to resist the temptation of immediate drug use.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Brain: diagnostic imaging / Choice Behavior: physiology /
                      Delay Discounting: physiology / Female / Healthy Volunteers
                      / Humans / Male / Neuroimaging: methods / Reward /
                      Substance-Related Disorders: diagnostic imaging},
      cin          = {AG Jessen},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1011102},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30632802},
      doi          = {10.1080/00952990.2018.1557675},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/140498},
}