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@ARTICLE{Perosa:151596,
      author       = {Perosa, Valentina and de Boer, Lieke and Ziegler, Gabriel
                      and Apostolova, Ivayla and Buchert, Ralph and Metzger,
                      Coraline and Amthauer, Holger and Guitart-Masip, Marc and
                      Düzel, Emrah and Betts, Matthew},
      title        = {{T}he {R}ole of the {S}triatum in {L}earning to
                      {O}rthogonalize {A}ction and {V}alence: {A} {C}ombined {PET}
                      and 7 {T} {MRI} {A}ging {S}tudy},
      journal      = {Cerebral cortex},
      volume       = {30},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1047-3211},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-01180},
      pages        = {3340-3351},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Pavlovian biases influence instrumental learning by
                      coupling reward seeking with action invigoration and
                      punishment avoidance with action suppression. Using a
                      probabilistic go/no-go task designed to orthogonalize action
                      (go/no-go) and valence (reward/punishment), recent studies
                      have shown that the interaction between the two is dependent
                      on the striatum and its key neuromodulator dopamine. Using
                      this task, we sought to identify how structural and
                      neuromodulatory age-related differences in the striatum may
                      influence Pavlovian biases and instrumental learning in 25
                      young and 31 older adults. Computational modeling revealed a
                      significant age-related reduction in reward and punishment
                      sensitivity and marked (albeit not significant) reduction in
                      learning rate and lapse rate (irreducible noise).
                      Voxel-based morphometry analysis using 7 Tesla MRI images
                      showed that individual differences in learning rate in older
                      adults were related to the volume of the caudate nucleus. In
                      contrast, dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal
                      striatum, assessed using [18F]-DOPA positron emission
                      tomography in 22 of these older adults, was not associated
                      with learning performance and did not moderate the
                      relationship between caudate volume and learning rate. This
                      multiparametric approach suggests that age-related
                      differences in striatal volume may influence learning
                      proficiency in old age.},
      keywords     = {Adult / Aged / Aging: metabolism / Aging: physiology /
                      Caudate Nucleus: diagnostic imaging / Caudate Nucleus:
                      metabolism / Caudate Nucleus: pathology / Caudate Nucleus:
                      physiology / Conditioning, Operant: physiology /
                      Dihydroxyphenylalanine: analogs $\&$ derivatives / Dopamine:
                      metabolism / Female / Humans / Magnetic Resonance Imaging /
                      Male / Middle Aged / Neostriatum: diagnostic imaging /
                      Neostriatum: metabolism / Neostriatum: pathology /
                      Neostriatum: physiology / Organ Size / Positron-Emission
                      Tomography / Punishment / Reward / Young Adult},
      cin          = {AG Düzel},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000006},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31897476},
      doi          = {10.1093/cercor/bhz313},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/151596},
}