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@ARTICLE{Oldani:154191,
      author       = {Oldani, Silvia and Moreno-Velasquez, Laura and Faiss, Lukas
                      and Stumpf, Alexander and Rosenmund, Christian and Schmitz,
                      Dietmar and Rost, Benjamin Rainer},
      title        = {{S}ynapto{PAC}, an optogenetic tool for induction of
                      presynaptic plasticity},
      journal      = {Journal of neurochemistry},
      volume       = {156},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1471-4159},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2021-00053},
      pages        = {324 - 336},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Optogenetic manipulations have transformed neuroscience in
                      recent years. While sophisticated tools now exist for
                      controlling the firing patterns of neurons, it remains
                      challenging to optogenetically define the plasticity state
                      of individual synapses. A variety of synapses in the
                      mammalian brain express presynaptic long‐term potentiation
                      (LTP) upon elevation of presynaptic cyclic adenosine
                      monophosphate (cAMP), but the molecular expression
                      mechanisms as well as the impact of presynaptic LTP on
                      network activity and behavior are not fully understood. In
                      order to establish optogenetic control of presynaptic cAMP
                      levels and thereby presynaptic potentiation, we developed
                      synaptoPAC, a presynaptically targeted version of the
                      photoactivated adenylyl cyclase bPAC. In cultures of
                      hippocampal granule cells of Wistar rats, activation of
                      synaptoPAC with blue light increased action
                      potential‐evoked transmission, an effect not seen in
                      hippocampal cultures of non‐granule cells. In acute brain
                      slices of C57BL/6N mice, synaptoPAC activation immediately
                      triggered a strong presynaptic potentiation at mossy fiber
                      synapses in CA3, but not at Schaffer collateral synapses in
                      CA1. Following light‐triggered potentiation, mossy fiber
                      transmission decreased within 20 min, but remained enhanced
                      still after 30 min. The optogenetic potentiation altered the
                      short‐term plasticity dynamics of release, reminiscent of
                      presynaptic LTP. Our work establishes synaptoPAC as an
                      optogenetic tool that enables acute light‐controlled
                      potentiation of transmitter release at specific synapses in
                      the brain, facilitating studies of the role of presynaptic
                      potentiation in network function and animal behavior in an
                      unprecedented manner.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Brain: physiology / Female / Long-Term
                      Potentiation: physiology / Male / Mice / Mice, Inbred C57BL
                      / Optogenetics: methods / Rats / Rats, Wistar},
      cin          = {AG Schmitz 1 ; AG Schmitz},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1810004},
      pnm          = {351 - Brain Function (POF4-351)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33037623},
      doi          = {10.1111/jnc.15210},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/154191},
}