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@ARTICLE{Hajek:154305,
      author       = {Hajek, André and Brettschneider, Christian and Röhr,
                      Susanne and Gühne, Uta and van der Leeden, Carolin and
                      Lühmann, Dagmar and Mamone, Silke and Wiese, Birgitt and
                      Weyerer, Siegfried and Werle, Jochen and Fuchs, Angela and
                      Pentzek, Michael and Weeg, Dagmar and Mösch, Edelgard and
                      Heser, Kathrin and Wagner, Michael and Maier, Wolfgang and
                      Riedel-Heller, Steffi G and Scherer, Martin and König,
                      Hans-Helmut},
      title        = {{W}hich {F}actors {C}ontribute to {F}railty among the
                      {O}ldest {O}ld? {R}esults of the {M}ulticentre {P}rospective
                      {A}ge{C}o{D}e and {A}ge{Q}uali{D}e {S}tudy.},
      journal      = {Gerontology},
      volume       = {66},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1423-0003},
      address      = {Basel [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Karger},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2021-00159},
      pages        = {460 - 466},
      year         = {2020},
      note         = {ISSN 1423-0003 not unique: **3 hits**.},
      abstract     = {There is a lack of studies investigating the link between
                      time-varying factors associated with changes in frailty
                      scores in very old age longitudinally. This is important
                      because the level of frailty is associated with subsequent
                      morbidity and mortality.To examine time-dependent predictors
                      of frailty among the oldest old using a longitudinal
                      approach.Longitudinal data were drawn from the multicentre
                      prospective cohort study 'Study on Needs, health service
                      use, costs and health-related quality of life in a large
                      sample of oldest-old primary care patients (85+)'
                      (AgeQualiDe), covering primary care patients aged 85 years
                      and over. Three waves were used (from follow-up, FU, wave 7
                      to FU wave 9 [with 10 months between each wave]; 1,301
                      observations in the analytical sample). Frailty was assessed
                      using the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) Clinical
                      Frailty Scale (CFS). As explanatory variables, we included
                      sociodemographic factors (marital status and age), social
                      isolation as well as health-related variables (depression,
                      dementia, and chronic diseases) in a regression analysis.In
                      total, $18.9\%$ of the individuals were mildly frail,
                      $12.4\%$ of the individuals were moderately frail, and
                      $0.4\%$ of the individuals were severely frail at FU wave 7.
                      Fixed effects regressions revealed that increases in frailty
                      were associated with increases in age (β = 0.23, p <
                      0.001), and dementia (β = 0.84, p < 0.01), as well as
                      increases in chronic conditions (β = 0.03, p = 0.058).The
                      study findings particularly emphasize the importance of
                      changes in age, probably chronic conditions as well as
                      dementia for frailty. Future research is required to
                      elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, future
                      longitudinal studies based on panel regression models are
                      required to confirm our findings.},
      keywords     = {Activities of Daily Living / Aged, 80 and over / Canada:
                      epidemiology / Cohort Studies / Female / Frail Elderly:
                      statistics $\&$ numerical data / Frailty: epidemiology /
                      Humans / Longitudinal Studies / Male / Primary Health Care:
                      statistics $\&$ numerical data / Prospective Studies /
                      Quality of Life / Chronic conditions (Other) / Chronic
                      illness (Other) / Comorbidity (Other) / Dementia (Other) /
                      Depression (Other) / Frailty (Other) / Longitudinal study
                      (Other) / Oldest old (Other) / Physical illness (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Wagner / U Clinical Researchers - Bonn},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1011201 / I:(DE-2719)7000001},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32634802},
      doi          = {10.1159/000508723},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/154305},
}