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000155830 037__ $$aDZNE-2021-00990
000155830 041__ $$aEnglish
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000155830 1001_ $$aMeinhardt, Jenny$$b0
000155830 245__ $$aOlfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19.
000155830 260__ $$aNew York, NY$$bNature America$$c2021
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000155830 520__ $$aThe newly identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a pandemic respiratory disease. Moreover, thromboembolic events throughout the body, including in the CNS, have been described. Given the neurological symptoms observed in a large majority of individuals with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 penetrance of the CNS is likely. By various means, we demonstrate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and protein in anatomically distinct regions of the nasopharynx and brain. Furthermore, we describe the morphological changes associated with infection such as thromboembolic ischemic infarction of the CNS and present evidence of SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism. SARS-CoV-2 can enter the nervous system by crossing the neural-mucosal interface in olfactory mucosa, exploiting the close vicinity of olfactory mucosal, endothelial and nervous tissue, including delicate olfactory and sensory nerve endings. Subsequently, SARS-CoV-2 appears to follow neuroanatomical structures, penetrating defined neuroanatomical areas including the primary respiratory and cardiovascular control center in the medulla oblongata.
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000155830 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aRNA, Viral
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBrain: virology
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: virology
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCentral Nervous System
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aOlfactory Mucosa: virology
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aRNA, Viral: genetics
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSARS-CoV-2: pathogenicity
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSmell: physiology
000155830 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aVirus Internalization
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0001-9860-2007$$aRadke, Josefine$$b1
000155830 7001_ $$aDittmayer, Carsten$$b2
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0001-7523-6622$$aFranz, Jonas$$b3
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0002-7386-1181$$aThomas, Carolina$$b4
000155830 7001_ $$aMothes, Ronja$$b5
000155830 7001_ $$aLaue, Michael$$b6
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0002-0494-1022$$aSchneider, Julia$$b7
000155830 7001_ $$aBrünink, Sebastian$$b8
000155830 7001_ $$aGreuel, Selina$$b9
000155830 7001_ $$aLehmann, Malte$$b10
000155830 7001_ $$aHassan, Olga$$b11
000155830 7001_ $$aAschman, Tom$$b12
000155830 7001_ $$aSchumann, Elisa$$b13
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0001-5945-9957$$aChua, Robert Lorenz$$b14
000155830 7001_ $$aConrad, Christian$$b15
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0002-0034-4036$$aEils, Roland$$b16
000155830 7001_ $$aStenzel, Werner$$b17
000155830 7001_ $$aWindgassen, Marc$$b18
000155830 7001_ $$aRößler, Larissa$$b19
000155830 7001_ $$aGoebel, Hans-Hilmar$$b20
000155830 7001_ $$aGelderblom, Hans R$$b21
000155830 7001_ $$aMartin, Hubert$$b22
000155830 7001_ $$aNitsche, Andreas$$b23
000155830 7001_ $$aSchulz-Schaeffer, Walter J$$b24
000155830 7001_ $$aHakroush, Samy$$b25
000155830 7001_ $$aWinkler, Martin S$$b26
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0002-4357-9863$$aTampe, Björn$$b27
000155830 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000850$$aScheibe, Franziska$$b28$$udzne
000155830 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812030$$aKörtvélyessy, Péter$$b29$$udzne
000155830 7001_ $$aReinhold, Dirk$$b30
000155830 7001_ $$00000-0002-0055-958X$$aSiegmund, Britta$$b31
000155830 7001_ $$aKühl, Anja A$$b32
000155830 7001_ $$aElezkurtaj, Sefer$$b33
000155830 7001_ $$aHorst, David$$b34
000155830 7001_ $$aOesterhelweg, Lars$$b35
000155830 7001_ $$aTsokos, Michael$$b36
000155830 7001_ $$aIngold-Heppner, Barbara$$b37
000155830 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000922$$aStadelmann, Christine$$b38$$udzne
000155830 7001_ $$aDrosten, Christian$$b39
000155830 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001090$$aCorman, Victor$$b40$$udzne
000155830 7001_ $$aRadbruch, Helena$$b41
000155830 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812386$$aHeppner, Frank$$b42$$eLast author$$udzne
000155830 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1494955-6$$a10.1038/s41593-020-00758-5$$gVol. 24, no. 2, p. 168 - 175$$n2$$p168 - 175$$tNature neuroscience$$v24$$x1546-1726$$y2021
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