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000162239 1001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811646$$aLu, Ran$$b0$$eFirst author
000162239 245__ $$aEvaluation of the Neuroanatomical Basis of Olfactory Dysfunction in the General Population
000162239 260__ $$aChicago, Ill.$$bAmerican Medical Association$$c2021
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000162239 520__ $$aOlfactory dysfunction is a prodromal manifestation of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. However, its neuroanatomical basis is largely unknown.To assess the association between olfactory brain structures and olfactory function in adults 30 years or older and to examine the extent to which olfactory bulb volume (OBV) mediates the association between central olfactory structures and olfactory function.This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from the first 639 participants with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the Rhineland Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany. Participants were enrolled between March 7, 2016, and October 31, 2017, and underwent brain MRI and olfactory assessment. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2018, to June 30, 2021.Volumetric measures were derived from 3-T MRI T1-weighted brain scans, and OBV was manually segmented on T2-weighted images. The mean volumetric brain measures from the right and left sides were calculated, adjusted by head size, and normalized to all participants.Performance on the 12-item smell identification test (SIT-12) was used as a proxy for olfactory function.A total of 541 participants with complete data on MRI-derived measures and SIT-12 scores were included. This population had a mean (SD) age of 53.6 (13.1) years and comprised 306 women (56.6%). Increasing age (difference in SIT-12 score, -0.04; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.03), male sex (-0.26; 95% CI, -0.54 to 0.02), and nasal congestion (-0.28; 95% CI, -0.66 to 0.09) were associated with worse olfactory function (SIT-12 scores). Conversely, larger OBV was associated with better olfactory function (difference in SIT-12 score, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.64). Larger volumes of amygdala (difference in OBV, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.24), hippocampus (0.16; 95% CI, 0.04-0.28), insular cortex (0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.24), and medial orbitofrontal cortex (0.10; 95% CI, 0.00-0.20) were associated with larger OBV. Larger volumes of amygdala (volume × age interaction effect, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03-0.30), parahippocampal cortex (0.17; 95% CI, 0.03-0.31), and hippocampus (0.21; 95% CI, 0.08-0.35) were associated with better olfactory function only in older age groups. The age-modified association between volumes of central olfactory structures and olfactory function was largely mediated through OBV.This cross-sectional study found that olfactory bulb volume was independently associated with odor identification function and was a robust mediator of the age-dependent association between volumes of central olfactory structures and olfactory function. Thus, neurodegeneration-associated olfactory dysfunction may primarily originate from the pathology of peripheral olfactory structures, suggesting that OBV may serve as a preclinical marker for the identification of individuals who are at an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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000162239 588__ $$aDataset connected to DataCite
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAmygdala: diagnostic imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCerebral Cortex: diagnostic imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCross-Sectional Studies
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aGermany
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHippocampus: diagnostic imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aOlfaction Disorders: diagnostic imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aOlfaction Disorders: physiopathology
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aOlfactory Bulb: diagnostic imaging
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aOrgan Size
000162239 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPrefrontal Cortex: diagnostic imaging
000162239 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-2719)Rhineland Study-20190321$$5EXP:(DE-2719)Rhineland Study-20190321$$eRhineland Study / Bonn$$x0
000162239 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812578$$aAziz, N Ahmad$$b1
000162239 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812134$$aReuter, Martin$$b2
000162239 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810538$$aStöcker, Tony$$b3
000162239 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810403$$aBreteler, Monique M B$$b4$$eLast author
000162239 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2701831-3$$a10.1001/jamaoto.2021.2026$$gVol. 147, no. 10, p. 855 -$$n10$$p855 - 863$$tJAMA otolaryngology - head & neck surgery$$v147$$x2168-6181$$y2021
000162239 8564_ $$uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/article-abstract/2783603
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