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@ARTICLE{Heinzel:162695,
      author       = {Heinzel, Stephan and Kaufmann, Christian and Grützmann,
                      Rosa and Klawohn, Julia and Riesel, Anja and Bey, Katharina
                      and Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie and Weinhold, Leonie and
                      Ramirez, Alfredo and Wagner, Michael and Kathmann, Norbert},
      title        = {{P}olygenic risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder ({OCD})
                      predicts brain response during working memory task in {OCD},
                      unaffected relatives, and healthy controls.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2021-01352},
      pages        = {18914},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {CC BY},
      abstract     = {Alterations in frontal and parietal neural activations
                      during working memory task performance have been suggested
                      as a candidate endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive
                      disorder (OCD) in studies involving first-degree relatives.
                      However, the direct link between genetic risk for OCD and
                      neuro-functional alterations during working memory
                      performance has not been investigated to date. Thus, the aim
                      of the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
                      study was to test the direct association between polygenic
                      risk for OCD and neural activity during the performance of a
                      numeric n-back task with four working memory load conditions
                      in 128 participants, including patients with OCD, unaffected
                      first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and healthy
                      controls. Behavioral results show a significant performance
                      deficit at high working memory load in both patients with
                      OCD and first-degree relatives (p < 0.05). A whole-brain
                      analysis of the fMRI data indicated decreased neural
                      activity in bilateral inferior parietal lobule and
                      dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in both patients and
                      relatives. Most importantly, OCD polygenic risk scores
                      predicted neural activity in orbitofrontal cortex. Results
                      indicate that genetic risk for OCD can partly explain
                      alterations in brain response during working memory
                      performance, supporting the notion of a neuro-functional
                      endophenotype for OCD.},
      keywords     = {Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Brain Mapping: methods /
                      Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: diagnostic imaging /
                      Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: physiopathology / Family /
                      Female / Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Healthy
                      Volunteers / Humans / Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Male /
                      Memory, Short-Term: physiology / Middle Aged /
                      Multifactorial Inheritance / Nerve Net: diagnostic imaging /
                      Nerve Net: physiopathology / Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
                      diagnosis / Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: genetics /
                      Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: physiopathology / Parietal
                      Lobe: diagnostic imaging / Parietal Lobe: physiopathology /
                      Risk Assessment: methods / Risk Assessment: statistics $\&$
                      numerical data / Young Adult},
      cin          = {AG Wagner / Patient studies, Bonn},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1011201 / I:(DE-2719)1011101},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34556731},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8460640},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-98333-w},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/162695},
}