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024 7 _ |a 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.002
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024 7 _ |a pmc:PMC8416549
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037 _ _ |a DZNE-2021-01569
041 _ _ |a English
082 _ _ |a 610
100 1 _ |a Krämer, Benjamin
|b 0
245 _ _ |a Early IFN-α signatures and persistent dysfunction are distinguishing features of NK cells in severe COVID-19.
260 _ _ |a New York, NY
|c 2021
|b Elsevier
336 7 _ |a article
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336 7 _ |a Journal Article
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336 7 _ |a ARTICLE
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336 7 _ |a Journal Article
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520 _ _ |a Longitudinal analyses of the innate immune system, including the earliest time points, are essential to understand the immunopathogenesis and clinical course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Here, we performed a detailed characterization of natural killer (NK) cells in 205 patients (403 samples; days 2 to 41 after symptom onset) from four independent cohorts using single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics together with functional studies. We found elevated interferon (IFN)-α plasma levels in early severe COVD-19 alongside increased NK cell expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and genes involved in IFN-α signaling, while upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced genes was observed in moderate diseases. NK cells exert anti-SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) activity but are functionally impaired in severe COVID-19. Further, NK cell dysfunction may be relevant for the development of fibrotic lung disease in severe COVID-19, as NK cells exhibited impaired anti-fibrotic activity. Our study indicates preferential IFN-α and TNF responses in severe and moderate COVID-19, respectively, and associates a prolonged IFN-α-induced NK cell response with poorer disease outcome.
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650 _ 7 |a COVID-19
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a NK cells
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a TNF
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a antiviral
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a lung fibrosis
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a moderate
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a proteomics
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a scRNA-seq
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a severe
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a type 1 IFN
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a IFNA1 protein, human
|2 NLM Chemicals
650 _ 7 |a Interferon-alpha
|2 NLM Chemicals
650 _ 7 |a Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
|2 NLM Chemicals
650 _ 2 |a Base Sequence
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a COVID-19: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Humans
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Immunity, Innate: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Inflammation: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Interferon-alpha: blood
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Interferon-alpha: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Killer Cells, Natural: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Pulmonary Fibrosis: pathology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a RNA-Seq
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a SARS-CoV-2: immunology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Severity of Illness Index
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Transcriptome: genetics
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha: metabolism
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a United Kingdom
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a United States
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Knoll, Rainer
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700 1 _ |a Bonaguro, Lorenzo
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773 _ _ |a 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.002
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