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@ARTICLE{Wendisch:163322,
      author       = {Wendisch, Daniel and Dietrich, Oliver and Mari, Tommaso and
                      von Stillfried, Saskia and Ibarra, Ignacio L and
                      Mittermaier, Mirja and Mache, Christin and Chua, Robert
                      Lorenz and Knoll, Rainer and Timm, Sara and Brumhard, Sophia
                      and Krammer, Tobias and Zauber, Henrik and Hiller, Anna
                      Luisa and Pascual-Reguant, Anna and Mothes, Ronja and
                      Bülow, Roman David and Schulze, Jessica and Leipold,
                      Alexander M and Djudjaj, Sonja and Erhard, Florian and
                      Geffers, Robert and Pott, Fabian and Kazmierski, Julia and
                      Radke, Josefine and Pergantis, Panagiotis and Baßler, Kevin
                      and Conrad, Claudia and Aschenbrenner, Anna C and Sawitzki,
                      Birgit and Landthaler, Markus and Wyler, Emanuel and Horst,
                      David and Hippenstiel, Stefan and Hocke, Andreas and
                      Heppner, Frank L and Uhrig, Alexander and Garcia, Carmen and
                      Machleidt, Felix and Herold, Susanne and Elezkurtaj, Sefer
                      and Thibeault, Charlotte and Witzenrath, Martin and Cochain,
                      Clément and Suttorp, Norbert and Drosten, Christian and
                      Goffinet, Christine and Kurth, Florian and Schultze, Joachim
                      L and Radbruch, Helena and Ochs, Matthias and Eils, Roland
                      and Müller-Redetzky, Holger and Hauser, Anja E and Luecken,
                      Malte D and Theis, Fabian J and Conrad, Christian and Wolff,
                      Thorsten and Boor, Peter and Selbach, Matthias and Saliba,
                      Antoine-Emmanuel and Sander, Leif Erik},
      collaboration = {Initiative, Deutsche COVID-19 OMICS},
      title        = {{SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage
                      responses and lung fibrosis.},
      journal      = {Cell},
      volume       = {184},
      number       = {26},
      issn         = {0092-8674},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-00102},
      pages        = {6243 - 6261.e27},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {COVID-19-induced 'acute respiratory distress syndrome'
                      (ARDS) is associated with prolonged respiratory failure and
                      high mortality, but the mechanistic basis of lung injury
                      remains incompletely understood. Here, we analyze pulmonary
                      immune responses and lung pathology in two cohorts of
                      patients with COVID-19 ARDS using functional single-cell
                      genomics, immunohistology, and electron microscopy. We
                      describe an accumulation of CD163-expressing
                      monocyte-derived macrophages that acquired a profibrotic
                      transcriptional phenotype during COVID-19 ARDS. Gene set
                      enrichment and computational data integration revealed a
                      significant similarity between COVID-19-associated
                      macrophages and profibrotic macrophage populations
                      identified in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. COVID-19 ARDS
                      was associated with clinical, radiographic,
                      histopathological, and ultrastructural hallmarks of
                      pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure of human monocytes to
                      SARS-CoV-2, but not influenza A virus or viral RNA analogs,
                      was sufficient to induce a similar profibrotic phenotype in
                      vitro. In conclusion, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2
                      triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and pronounced
                      fibroproliferative ARDS.},
      keywords     = {Antigens, CD: metabolism / Antigens, Differentiation,
                      Myelomonocytic: metabolism / COVID-19: diagnostic imaging /
                      COVID-19: pathology / COVID-19: virology / Cell
                      Communication / Cohort Studies / Fibroblasts: pathology /
                      Gene Expression Regulation / Humans / Idiopathic Pulmonary
                      Fibrosis: diagnostic imaging / Idiopathic Pulmonary
                      Fibrosis: genetics / Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis:
                      pathology / Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: virology /
                      Macrophages: pathology / Macrophages: virology / Mesenchymal
                      Stem Cells: pathology / Phenotype / Proteome: metabolism /
                      Receptors, Cell Surface: metabolism / Respiratory Distress
                      Syndrome: diagnostic imaging / Respiratory Distress
                      Syndrome: pathology / Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
                      virology / SARS-CoV-2: physiology / Tomography, X-Ray
                      Computed / Transcription, Genetic / ARDS (Other) / COVID-19
                      (Other) / IPF (Other) / SARS-CoV-2 (Other) / fibrosis
                      (Other) / lung (Other) / macrophages (Other) / monocytes
                      (Other) / proteomics (Other) / pulmonary fibrosis (Other) /
                      single-cell transcriptomics (Other) / Antigens, CD (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic (NLM
                      Chemicals) / CD163 antigen (NLM Chemicals) / Proteome (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Receptors, Cell Surface (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {Schultze - PRECISE / $R\&D$ PRECISE / AG Heppner},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1013031 / I:(DE-2719)5000031 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1810007},
      pnm          = {354 - Disease Prevention and Healthy Aging (POF4-354) / 353
                      - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-354 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34914922},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8626230},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.033},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/163322},
}