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000163426 041__ $$aEnglish
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000163426 1001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002020$$aDuong, Sophie Lan-Linh$$b0$$eFirst author$$udzne
000163426 245__ $$aParaneoplastic Autoimmune Neurological Syndromes and the Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
000163426 260__ $$aNew York, NY$$bSpringer$$c2022
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000163426 520__ $$aThe introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in oncologic therapies has led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. ICIs have increased the overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma, small-cell lung cancer, and many other tumor entities. Despite their clinical benefits, these novel cancer immunotherapies can induce neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Such immune-mediated complications can manifest within the spectrum of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs). PNSs are rare immune-mediated complications of systemic cancers that can involve every aspect of the nervous system. The emergence of PNSs with ICI treatment opens further pathways to study the complex immunopathological interplay of cancer immunity, cross-reactive neurological autoimmune phenomena, and effects of ICIs on the immune system. ICI-induced PNSs comprise a diverse antibody repertoire and phenotypic spectrum with severe and life-threatening disease progression in some cases. Timely diagnosis and urgent interventions are pivotal for a favorable neurologic and oncologic outcome. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of cancer immunotherapy and the disruption of immune tolerance in PNSs and provides an overview of the most pertinent clinical manifestations and principles of diagnostic and therapeutic managements in light of the expected increase in PNSs due to the widespread use of ICIs in clinical practice. This review further discusses potential and evolving concepts of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of PNSs.
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000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aAutoantibodies
000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aBiologicals
000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aImmune checkpoint inhibitors
000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aNeurological adverse events
000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aNovel immunotherapies
000163426 650_7 $$2Other$$aParaneoplastic neurological syndromes
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAntineoplastic Agents, Immunological: adverse effects
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmunotherapy: adverse effects
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmunotherapy: methods
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMelanoma: chemically induced
000163426 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSyndrome
000163426 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810931$$aPrüß, Harald$$b1$$eLast author$$udzne
000163426 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2279496-7$$a10.1007/s13311-022-01184-0$$n3$$p848-863$$tNeurotherapeutics$$v19$$x1878-7479$$y2022
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