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@ARTICLE{Duong:163426,
      author       = {Duong, Sophie Lan-Linh and Prüß, Harald},
      title        = {{P}araneoplastic {A}utoimmune {N}eurological {S}yndromes
                      and the {R}ole of {I}mmune {C}heckpoint {I}nhibitors.},
      journal      = {Neurotherapeutics},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1878-7479},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-00186},
      pages        = {848-863},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {(CC BY)},
      abstract     = {The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in
                      oncologic therapies has led to a paradigm shift in cancer
                      treatment. ICIs have increased the overall survival in
                      patients with malignant melanoma, small-cell lung cancer,
                      and many other tumor entities. Despite their clinical
                      benefits, these novel cancer immunotherapies can induce
                      neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Such
                      immune-mediated complications can manifest within the
                      spectrum of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs).
                      PNSs are rare immune-mediated complications of systemic
                      cancers that can involve every aspect of the nervous system.
                      The emergence of PNSs with ICI treatment opens further
                      pathways to study the complex immunopathological interplay
                      of cancer immunity, cross-reactive neurological autoimmune
                      phenomena, and effects of ICIs on the immune system.
                      ICI-induced PNSs comprise a diverse antibody repertoire and
                      phenotypic spectrum with severe and life-threatening disease
                      progression in some cases. Timely diagnosis and urgent
                      interventions are pivotal for a favorable neurologic and
                      oncologic outcome. This review focuses on the pathogenesis
                      of cancer immunotherapy and the disruption of immune
                      tolerance in PNSs and provides an overview of the most
                      pertinent clinical manifestations and principles of
                      diagnostic and therapeutic managements in light of the
                      expected increase in PNSs due to the widespread use of ICIs
                      in clinical practice. This review further discusses
                      potential and evolving concepts of therapeutic monoclonal
                      antibodies for the treatment of PNSs.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological: adverse effects /
                      Humans / Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / Immunotherapy:
                      adverse effects / Immunotherapy: methods / Melanoma:
                      chemically induced / Syndrome / Autoantibodies (Other) /
                      Biologicals (Other) / Immune checkpoint inhibitors (Other) /
                      Neurological adverse events (Other) / Novel immunotherapies
                      (Other) / Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (Other)},
      cin          = {Clinical Study Team Berlin 1 / AG Prüß},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000007 / I:(DE-2719)1810003},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC9294109},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35043373},
      doi          = {10.1007/s13311-022-01184-0},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/163426},
}