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001     163426
005     20240320115518.0
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100 1 _ |a Duong, Sophie Lan-Linh
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245 _ _ |a Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Neurological Syndromes and the Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
260 _ _ |a New York, NY
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520 _ _ |a The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in oncologic therapies has led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. ICIs have increased the overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma, small-cell lung cancer, and many other tumor entities. Despite their clinical benefits, these novel cancer immunotherapies can induce neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Such immune-mediated complications can manifest within the spectrum of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs). PNSs are rare immune-mediated complications of systemic cancers that can involve every aspect of the nervous system. The emergence of PNSs with ICI treatment opens further pathways to study the complex immunopathological interplay of cancer immunity, cross-reactive neurological autoimmune phenomena, and effects of ICIs on the immune system. ICI-induced PNSs comprise a diverse antibody repertoire and phenotypic spectrum with severe and life-threatening disease progression in some cases. Timely diagnosis and urgent interventions are pivotal for a favorable neurologic and oncologic outcome. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of cancer immunotherapy and the disruption of immune tolerance in PNSs and provides an overview of the most pertinent clinical manifestations and principles of diagnostic and therapeutic managements in light of the expected increase in PNSs due to the widespread use of ICIs in clinical practice. This review further discusses potential and evolving concepts of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of PNSs.
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650 _ 7 |a Autoantibodies
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650 _ 7 |a Biologicals
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650 _ 7 |a Immune checkpoint inhibitors
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650 _ 7 |a Neurological adverse events
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650 _ 7 |a Novel immunotherapies
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes
|2 Other
650 _ 2 |a Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological: adverse effects
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Humans
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Immunotherapy: adverse effects
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Immunotherapy: methods
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Melanoma: chemically induced
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650 _ 2 |a Syndrome
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700 1 _ |a Prüß, Harald
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773 _ _ |a 10.1007/s13311-022-01184-0
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|t Neurotherapeutics
|v 19
|y 2022
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856 4 _ |y OpenAccess
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910 1 _ |a Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen
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910 1 _ |a Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen
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