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@ARTICLE{Karagianni:163725,
      author       = {Karagianni, Korina and Pettas, Spyros and Kanata, Eirini
                      and Lioulia, Elisavet and Thune, Katrin and Schmitz,
                      Matthias and Tsamesidis, Ioannis and Lymperaki, Evgenia and
                      Xanthopoulos, Konstantinos and Sklaviadis, Theodoros and
                      Dafou, Dimitra},
      title        = {{C}arnosic {A}cid and {C}arnosol {D}isplay {A}ntioxidant
                      and {A}nti-{P}rion {P}roperties in {I}n {V}itro and
                      {C}ell-{F}ree {M}odels of {P}rion {D}iseases},
      journal      = {Antioxidants},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {2076-3921},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-00464},
      pages        = {726},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Prion diseases are transmissible encephalopathies
                      associated with the conversion of the physiological form of
                      the prion protein (PrPC) to the disease-associated (PrPSc).
                      Despite intense research, no therapeutic or prophylactic
                      agent is available. The catechol-type diterpene Carnosic
                      acid (CA) and its metabolite Carnosol (CS) from Rosmarinus
                      officinalis have well-documented anti-oxidative and
                      neuroprotective effects. Since oxidative stress plays an
                      important role in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, we
                      investigated the potential beneficial role of CA and CS in a
                      cellular model of prion diseases (N2a22L cells) and in a
                      cell-free prion amplification assay (RT-QuIC). The
                      antioxidant effects of the compounds were confirmed when
                      N2a22L were incubated with CA or CS. Furthermore, CA and CS
                      reduced the accumulation of the disease-associated form of
                      PrP, detected by Western Blotting, in N2a22L cells. This
                      effect was validated in RT-QuIC assays, indicating that it
                      is not associated with the antioxidant effects of CA and CS.
                      Importantly, cell-free assays revealed that these natural
                      products not only prevent the formation of PrP aggregates
                      but can also disrupt already formed aggregates. Our results
                      indicate that CA and CS have pleiotropic effects against
                      prion diseases and could evolve into useful prophylactic
                      and/or therapeutic agents against prion and other
                      neurodegenerative diseases.},
      cin          = {AG Zerr / Ext UMG Zerr},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1440011-1 / I:(DE-2719)5000037},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35453411},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC9027925},
      doi          = {10.3390/antiox11040726},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/163725},
}