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@ARTICLE{Scuteri:164544,
      author       = {Scuteri, D. and Contrada, M. and Loria, T. and Sturino, D.
                      and Cerasa, A. and Tonin, P. and Sandrini, G. and Tamburin,
                      S. and Bruni, A. C. and Nicotera, P. and Corasaniti, M. T.
                      and Bagetta, G.},
      title        = {{P}ain and agitation treatment in severe dementia patients:
                      {T}he need for {I}talian
                      {M}obilization–{O}bservation–{B}ehavior–{I}ntensity–{D}ementia
                      ({I}-{MOBID}2) pain scale translation, adaptation and
                      validation with psychometric testing},
      journal      = {Biomedicine $\&$ pharmacotherapy},
      volume       = {150},
      issn         = {0300-0893},
      address      = {Paris [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-01093},
      pages        = {113013},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {ISSN 0753-3322 not unique: **2 hits**.(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)},
      abstract     = {The $97\%$ of dementia patients develops fluctuant
                      neuropsychiatric symptoms often related to under-diagnosed
                      and unrelieved pain. Up to $80\%$ severe demented nursing
                      home residents experiences chronic pain due to age-related
                      comorbidities. Patients lacking self-report skills risk not
                      to be appropriately treated for pain.
                      Mobilization–Observation–Behavior–Intensity–Dementia
                      (MOBID2) is the sole pain scale to consider the frequent
                      co-occurrence of musculoskeletal and visceral pain and to
                      unravel concealed pain through active guided movements.
                      Accordingly, the Italian real-world setting can benefit from
                      its translation and validation. This clinical study provides
                      a translated, adapted and validated version of the MOBID2,
                      the Italian I-MOBID2. The translation, adaptation and
                      validation of the scale for non-verbal, severe demented
                      patients was conducted according to current guidelines in a
                      cohort of 11 patients over 65 with mini-mental state
                      examination ≤ 12. The I-MOBID2 proves: good face and scale
                      content validity index (0.89); reliable internal consistency
                      (Cronbach’s α = 0.751); good to excellent inter-rater
                      (Intraclass correlation coefficient, and test-retest (ICC =
                      0.902) reliability. The construct validity is high (Rho =
                      0.748 p < 0.05 for 11 patients, Spearman rank order
                      correlation of the overall pain intensity score with the
                      maximum item score of I-MOBID2 Part 1; rho=0.895 p < 0.01
                      for 11 patients, for the overall pain intensity score with
                      the maximum item score of I-MOBID2 Part 2) and a good rate
                      of inter-rater and test-retest agreement was demonstrated by
                      Cohen’s K = 0.744. The average execution time is of 5.8
                      min, thus making I-MOBID2 a useful tool suitable also for
                      future development in community setting with administration
                      by caregivers.},
      keywords     = {Chronic Pain: psychology / Dementia: therapy / Humans /
                      Pain Measurement / Psychometrics / Reproducibility of
                      Results / Surveys and Questionnaires},
      cin          = {Scientific board / AG Bano},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1030000 / I:(DE-2719)1013003},
      pnm          = {351 - Brain Function (POF4-351)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35658247},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113013},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/164544},
}