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@ARTICLE{SchmitzKoep:164546,
      author       = {Schmitz-Koep, Benita and Menegaux, Aurore and Gaser,
                      Christian and Brandes, Elin and Schinz, David and
                      Thalhammer, Melissa and Daamen, Marcel and Boecker, Henning
                      and Zimmer, Claus and Priller, Josef and Wolke, Dieter and
                      Bartmann, Peter and Sorg, Christian GG and Hedderich, Dennis
                      M},
      title        = {{A}ltered {G}ray {M}atter {C}ortical and {S}ubcortical
                      {T}1-{W}eighted/{T}2-{W}eighted {R}atio in
                      {P}remature-{B}orn {A}dults.},
      journal      = {Biological psychiatry},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2451-9022},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Inc.},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-01095},
      pages        = {495-504},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Microscopic studies in newborns and animal models indicate
                      impaired myelination after premature birth, particularly for
                      cortical myelination; however, it remains unclear whether
                      such myelination impairments last into adulthood and, if so,
                      are relevant for impaired cognitive performance. It has been
                      suggested that the ratio of T1-weighted (T1w) and
                      T2-weighted (T2w) magnetic resonance imaging signal
                      intensity (T1w/T2w ratio) is a proxy for myelin content. We
                      hypothesized altered gray matter (GM) T1w/T2w ratio in
                      premature-born adults, which is associated with lower
                      cognitive performance after premature birth.We analyzed GM
                      T1w/T2w ratio in 101 adults born very premature (VP) and/or
                      at very low birth weight (VLBW) (<32 weeks of gestation
                      and/or birth weight <1500 g) and 109 full-term control
                      subjects at 26 years of age, controlled for voxelwise volume
                      alterations. Cognitive performance was assessed by verbal,
                      performance, and full scale IQ using the Wechsler Adult
                      Intelligence Scale.Significantly higher T1w/T2w ratio in
                      VP/VLBW subjects was found bilaterally in widespread
                      cortical areas, particularly in frontal, parietal, and
                      temporal cortices, and in putamen and pallidum. In these
                      areas, T1w/T2w ratio was not related to birth variables,
                      such as gestational age, or IQ scores. In contrast,
                      significantly lower T1w/T2w ratio in VP/VLBW subjects was
                      found in bilateral clusters in superior temporal gyrus,
                      which was associated with birth weight in the VP/VLBW group.
                      Furthermore, lower T1w/T2w ratio in left superior temporal
                      gyrus was associated with lower full scale and verbal
                      IQ.Results demonstrate GM T1w/T2w ratio alterations in
                      premature-born adults and suggest altered GM myelination
                      development after premature birth with lasting and
                      functionally relevant effects into early adulthood.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Female / Gray Matter: pathology / Premature Birth:
                      pathology / Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods / Birth
                      Weight / Brain development (Other) / IQ (Other) /
                      Intelligence quotient (Other) / Myelination (Other) /
                      Premature birth (Other) / Structural magnetic resonance
                      imaging (Other) / T1-weighted/T2-weighted ratio (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Priller},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000007},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35276405},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.013},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/164546},
}