001     164663
005     20240320104852.0
024 7 _ |a 10.3233/JAD-220248
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024 7 _ |a 1387-2877
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024 7 _ |a 1875-8908
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037 _ _ |a DZNE-2022-01193
041 _ _ |a English
082 _ _ |a 610
100 1 _ |a Haehner, Antje
|b 0
245 _ _ |a Training with Odors Impacts Hippocampal Thickness in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
260 _ _ |a Amsterdam
|c 2022
|b IOS Press
336 7 _ |a article
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336 7 _ |a ARTICLE
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520 _ _ |a The olfactory system is affected early in Alzheimer’s disease and olfactory loss can already be observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Olfactory training is effective for improving olfactory and cognitive function by stimulating the olfactory pathway, but its effect on patients with MCI remains unclear.Objective:The aim of this randomized, prospective, controlled, blinded study was to assess whether a 4-month period of olfactory training (frequent short-term sniffing various odors) may have an effect on olfactory function, cognitive function, and morphology of medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions and olfactory bulb in MCI patients.Methods:A total of thirty-seven MCI patients were randomly assigned to the training group or a placebo group, which were performed twice a day for 4 months. Olfactory assessments, cognitive tests and magnetic resonance imaging were performed at the baseline and follow-up period.Results:After the training, there was an increase in odor discrimination, and increased cortical thickness of bilateral hippocampus (CA23DG and CA1) and mean MTL. Additionally, the change of olfactory score was positively associated with change of volume of olfactory bulb and hippocampus; the change of global cognition was positively associated with change of cortical thickness of hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and mean MTL; the change of cortical thickness of entorhinal cortex was positively associated with change of executive function.Conclusion:Olfactory training was associated with an increase in cortical thickness of the hippocampus but not olfactory bulb volume in patients with MCI. Olfactory training may serve as an early intervention of preventing hippocampal atrophy.
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650 _ 7 |a Cortical thickness
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650 _ 7 |a hippocampus
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650 _ 7 |a mild cognitive impairment
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650 _ 7 |a olfactory bulb
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650 _ 7 |a olfactory training
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650 _ 2 |a Alzheimer Disease: pathology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Cognitive Dysfunction: diagnostic imaging
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Cognitive Dysfunction: pathology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Cognitive Dysfunction: therapy
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Entorhinal Cortex: pathology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Hippocampus: pathology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Humans
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Odorants
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Prospective Studies
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Chen, Ben
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700 1 _ |a Espin, Melanie
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700 1 _ |a Haussmann, Robert
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700 1 _ |a Matthes, Claudia
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700 1 _ |a Desser, Dmitriy
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700 1 _ |a Loessner, Lorenz
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700 1 _ |a Brandt, Moritz D.
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700 1 _ |a Donix, Markus
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700 1 _ |a Hummel, Thomas
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773 _ _ |a 10.3233/JAD-220248
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|t Journal of Alzheimer's disease
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|x 1387-2877
856 4 _ |u https://pub.dzne.de/record/164663/files/DZNE-2022-01193_Restricted.pdf
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