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@ARTICLE{DoblhammerReiter:164801,
      author       = {Doblhammer-Reiter, Gabriele},
      title        = {{D}ifferences in {L}ifespan by {M}onth of {B}irth for the
                      {U}nited {S}tates: {T}he impact of early life events and
                      conditions on late life mortality},
      journal      = {MPIDR Working Paper},
      volume       = {019},
      address      = {Rostock},
      publisher    = {Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-01256},
      pages        = {48 Pages},
      year         = {2002},
      abstract     = {We find significant differences in the mean age at death by
                      month of birth on the basis of 15 million US death
                      certificates for the years 1989 to 1997: those born in fall
                      live about 0.44 of a year longer than those born in spring.
                      The difference depends on race, region of birth, marital
                      status, and education: the differences are largest for the
                      less educated, forthose who have never been married and for
                      blacks, and the differences are more marked in the South
                      than in the North. They are only slightly larger for males
                      than for females. For blacks, the shape of the
                      month-of-birth pattern is significantly different from that
                      of whites. We present evidence that this difference is due
                      to whether one has an urban or arural place of birth. We
                      find a significant month-of-birth pattern for all major
                      causes of death including cardiovascular disease, malignant
                      neoplasms, in particular lung cancer, and other natural
                      diseases like chronic obstructive lung disease, or
                      infectious disease. We reject the hypotheses that the
                      differences in life span by month of birth are caused by
                      seasonal differences in daylight or by seasonal differences
                      in temperature. Our results are consistent with the
                      explanation that seasonal differences in nutrition of the
                      mother during pregnancy and seasonal differences in the
                      exposure to infectious disease early in life lead to the
                      differences in lifespan by month of birth.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899) / 345 - Population Studies and
                      Genetics (POF3-345)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-345},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/164801},
}