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@ARTICLE{Schelski:165599,
      author       = {Schelski, Max and Bradke, Frank},
      title        = {{M}icrotubule retrograde flow retains neuronal polarization
                      in a fluctuating state.},
      journal      = {Science advances},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {44},
      issn         = {2375-2548},
      address      = {Washington, DC [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Assoc.},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-01732},
      pages        = {eabo2336},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {In developing vertebrate neurons, a neurite is formed by
                      more than a hundred microtubules. While individual
                      microtubules are dynamic, the microtubule array has been
                      regarded as stationary. Using live-cell imaging of neurons
                      in culture or in brain slices, combined with photoconversion
                      techniques and pharmacological manipulations, we uncovered
                      that the microtubule array flows retrogradely within
                      neurites to the soma. This flow drives cycles of microtubule
                      density, a hallmark of the fluctuating state before axon
                      formation, thereby inhibiting neurite growth. The motor
                      protein dynein fuels this process. Shortly after axon
                      formation, microtubule retrograde flow slows down in the
                      axon, reducing microtubule density cycles and enabling axon
                      extension. Thus, keeping neurites short is an active
                      process. Microtubule retrograde flow is a previously unknown
                      type of cytoskeletal dynamics, which changes the hitherto
                      axon-centric view of neuronal polarization.},
      cin          = {AG Bradke},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1013002},
      pnm          = {351 - Brain Function (POF4-351)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36332023},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC9635824},
      doi          = {10.1126/sciadv.abo2336},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/165599},
}