TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleineidam, Luca
AU  - Wolfsgruber, Steffen
AU  - Weyrauch, Anne Sophie
AU  - Zulka, Linn E
AU  - Forstmeier, Simon
AU  - Roeske, Sandra
AU  - van den Bussche, Hendrik
AU  - Kaduszkiewicz, Hanna
AU  - Wiese, Birgitt
AU  - Weyerer, Siegfried
AU  - Werle, Jochen
AU  - Fuchs, Angela
AU  - Pentzek, Michael
AU  - Brettschneider, Christian
AU  - König, Hans-Helmut
AU  - Weeg, Dagmar
AU  - Bickel, Horst
AU  - Luppa, Melanie
AU  - Rodriguez, Francisca S
AU  - Freiesleben, Silka Dawn
AU  - Erdogan, Selin
AU  - Unterfeld, Chantal
AU  - Peters, Oliver
AU  - Spruth, Eike J
AU  - Altenstein, Slawek
AU  - Lohse, Andrea
AU  - Priller, Josef
AU  - Fliessbach, Klaus
AU  - Kobeleva, Xenia
AU  - Schneider, Anja
AU  - Bartels, Claudia
AU  - Schott, Björn H
AU  - Wiltfang, Jens
AU  - Maier, Franziska
AU  - Glanz, Wenzel
AU  - Incesoy, Enise I
AU  - Butryn, Michaela
AU  - Düzel, Emrah
AU  - Bürger, Katharina
AU  - Janowitz, Daniel
AU  - Ewers, Michael
AU  - Rauchmann, Boris Stephan
AU  - Perneczky, Robert
AU  - Kilimann, Ingo
AU  - Görß, Doreen
AU  - Teipel, Stefan
AU  - Laske, Christoph
AU  - Munk, Matthias H J
AU  - Spottke, Annika
AU  - Roy, Nina
AU  - Brosseron, Frederic
AU  - Heneka, Michael T
AU  - Ramirez, Alfredo
AU  - Yakupov, Renat
AU  - Scherer, Martin
AU  - Maier, Wolfgang
AU  - Jessen, Frank
AU  - Riedel-Heller, Steffi G
AU  - Wagner, Michael
TI  - Midlife occupational cognitive requirements protect cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive reserve.
JO  - Frontiers in psychology
VL  - 13
SN  - 1664-1078
CY  - Lausanne
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
M1  - DZNE-2023-00080
SP  - 957308
PY  - 2022
AB  - Several lifestyle factors promote protection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) throughout a person's lifespan. Although such protective effects have been described for occupational cognitive requirements (OCR) in midlife, it is currently unknown whether they are conveyed by brain maintenance (BM), brain reserve (BR), or cognitive reserve (CR) or a combination of them.We systematically derived hypotheses for these resilience concepts and tested them in the population-based AgeCoDe cohort and memory clinic-based AD high-risk DELCODE study. The OCR score (OCRS) was measured using job activities based on the O*NET occupational classification system. Four sets of analyses were conducted: (1) the interaction of OCR and APOE-ε4 with regard to cognitive decline (N = 2,369, AgeCoDe), (2) association with differentially shaped retrospective trajectories before the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT; N = 474, AgeCoDe), (3) cross-sectional interaction of the OCR and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and brain structural measures regarding memory function (N = 873, DELCODE), and (4) cross-sectional and longitudinal association of OCR with CSF AD biomarkers and brain structural measures (N = 873, DELCODE).Regarding (1), higher OCRS was associated with a reduced association of APOE-ε4 with cognitive decline (mean follow-up = 6.03 years), consistent with CR and BR. Regarding (2), high OCRS was associated with a later onset but subsequently stronger cognitive decline in individuals converting to DAT, consistent with CR. Regarding (3), higher OCRS was associated with a weaker association of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio and hippocampal volume with memory function, consistent with CR. Regarding (4), OCR was not associated with the levels or changes in CSF AD biomarkers (mean follow-up = 2.61 years). We found a cross-sectional, age-independent association of OCRS with some MRI markers, but no association with 1-year-change. OCR was not associated with the intracranial volume. These results are not completely consistent with those of BR or BM.Our results support the link between OCR and CR. Promoting and seeking complex and stimulating work conditions in midlife could therefore contribute to increased resistance to pathologies in old age and might complement prevention measures aimed at reducing pathology.
KW  - Alzheimer's disease (Other)
KW  - brain maintenance (Other)
KW  - brain reserve (Other)
KW  - cognitive reserve (Other)
KW  - mid-life cognitive demands (Other)
KW  - occupation (Other)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:36571008
C2  - pmc:PMC9773841
DO  - DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.957308
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/169201
ER  -