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@ARTICLE{Friedrich:259707,
      author       = {Friedrich, Krohn and Lancini, E. and Ludwig, M. and Leiman,
                      M. and Gurusamy, Guruprasath and Haag, L. and Panczyszyn, J.
                      and Düzel, E. and Hämmerer, D. and Betts, Matthew},
      title        = {{N}oradrenergic neuromodulation in ageing and disease.},
      journal      = {Neuroscience $\&$ biobehavioral reviews},
      volume       = {152},
      issn         = {0149-7634},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2023-00779},
      pages        = {105311},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The locus coeruleus (LC) is a small brainstem structure
                      located in the lower pons and is the main source of
                      noradrenaline (NA) in the brain. Via its phasic and tonic
                      firing, it modulates cognition and autonomic functions and
                      is involved in the brain's immune response. The extent of
                      degeneration to the LC in healthy ageing remains unclear,
                      however, noradrenergic dysfunction may contribute to the
                      pathogenesis of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease
                      (PD). Despite their differences in progression at later
                      disease stages, the early involvement of the LC may lead to
                      comparable behavioural symptoms such as preclinical sleep
                      problems and neuropsychiatric symptoms as a result of AD and
                      PD pathology. In this review, we draw attention to the
                      mechanisms that underlie LC degeneration in ageing, AD and
                      PD. We aim to motivate future research to investigate how
                      early degeneration of the noradrenergic system may play a
                      pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD and PD which may also
                      be relevant to other neurodegenerative diseases.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Humans / Locus Coeruleus: physiology / Brain: pathology /
                      Brain Stem: pathology / Parkinson Disease: pathology /
                      Norepinephrine / Alzheimer Disease: pathology / Locus
                      coeruleus (Other) / Noradrenaline (Other) / Noradrenergic
                      neuromodulation (Other) / Norepinephrine (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Düzel},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000006},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37437752},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105311},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/259707},
}