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100 1 _ |a Torres, Santiago Valle
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245 _ _ |a Two regulatory T cell populations in the visceral adipose tissue shape systemic metabolism.
260 _ _ |a London
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520 _ _ |a Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an energy store and endocrine organ critical for metabolic homeostasis. Regulatory T (Treg) cells restrain inflammation to preserve VAT homeostasis and glucose tolerance. Here, we show that the VAT harbors two distinct Treg cell populations: prototypical serum stimulation 2-positive (ST2+) Treg cells that are enriched in males and a previously uncharacterized population of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3-positive (CXCR3+) Treg cells that are enriched in females. We show that the transcription factors GATA-binding protein 3 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, together with the cytokine interleukin-33, promote the differentiation of ST2+ VAT Treg cells but repress CXCR3+ Treg cells. Conversely, the differentiation of CXCR3+ Treg cells is mediated by the cytokine interferon-γ and the transcription factor T-bet, which also antagonize ST2+ Treg cells. Finally, we demonstrate that ST2+ Treg cells preserve glucose homeostasis, whereas CXCR3+ Treg cells restrain inflammation in lean VAT and prevent glucose intolerance under high-fat diet conditions. Overall, this study defines two molecularly and developmentally distinct VAT Treg cell types with unique context- and sex-specific functions.
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650 _ 7 |a Cytokines
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650 _ 7 |a Glucose
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650 _ 2 |a Female
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650 _ 2 |a Male
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650 _ 2 |a Humans
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650 _ 2 |a T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
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650 _ 2 |a Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein
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650 _ 2 |a Intra-Abdominal Fat
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650 _ 2 |a Cytokines
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650 _ 2 |a Inflammation
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650 _ 2 |a Glucose
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700 1 _ |a Vasanthakumar, Ajithkumar
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773 _ _ |a 10.1038/s41590-024-01753-9
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