TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atemnkeng Ntam, Veronica
AU  - Huebner, Tatjana
AU  - Steffens, Michael
AU  - Roethlein, Christoph
AU  - Haenisch, Britta
AU  - Stingl, Julia
AU  - Linder, Roland
AU  - Scholl, Catharina
TI  - The influence of age, gender and pharmacogenetic profiles on the perspective on medicines in the German EMPAR study
JO  - PLOS ONE
VL  - 19
IS  - 10
SN  - 1932-6203
CY  - San Francisco, California, US
PB  - PLOS
M1  - DZNE-2024-01219
SP  - e0311267
PY  - 2024
N1  - Trial registration: EMPAR was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) on 06 July 2018 (DRKS00013909).
AB  -  Pharmacogenetic testing in routine care could provide benefits for patients, doctors and statutory health insurances. Therefore, the aim of the retrospective, observational study Einfluss metabolischer Profile auf die Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit in der Routineversorgung (EMPAR) was to analyze the relationship between pharmacogenetic profiles, the risk of adverse drug reactions, and patients' perceptions of drug therapy in 10748 adult (≥18 years) participants in Germany.A questionnaire was used to assess views and beliefs about medicines and participants individual perception of sensitivity to drug therapies. The questionnaire consisted of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ)-General scales (Overuse, Harm, Benefit), the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines (PSM), Natural Remedy, and Gene Testing scales. The influence of gender, age, study collective, genotype and phenotype of relevant pharmacogenes on participant's perception were evaluated.Overuse, PSM and Benefit scores were significantly higher among patients of the collective International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Disorders (ICD)-10 Y57.9! diagnosis, which indicates complications related to drugs, compared to the anticoagulant/antiplatelet and cholesterol-lowering drug collective. Age and gender also played a significant role in patients' perceptions, with younger patients and female participants more likely to believe in medication overuse according to the Overuse scale score compared to older and male participants. Female participants compared to male participants and the old age group compared to the young and/or middle-age subgroup, scored higher in PSM and/or Harm scales, respectively. Only a tendency of increased Harm, Overuse and PSM scores was observed in the participant group with five or more relevant actionable variants compared to subgroups with 0 up to 4 variants.In conclusion, patients' beliefs about medicines and their drug sensitivity perceptions are influenced by various factors including age, gender, previous complications with medicines, and with some tendency also pharmacogenetic profiles. The higher association with more negative views related to treatment indicates that there is a need to target the underlying issues in affected patient groups in order to improve compliance to treatment and outcomes in routine care. Trial registration: EMPAR was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) on 06 July 2018 (DRKS00013909).
KW  - Humans
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Germany
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Adult
KW  - Aged
KW  - Sex Factors
KW  - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW  - Age Factors
KW  - Pharmacogenetics
KW  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
KW  - Retrospective Studies
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Aged, 80 and over
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:39388460
C2  - pmc:PMC11466409
DO  - DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0311267
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/272598
ER  -