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@ARTICLE{Bode:272838,
      author       = {Bode, Merle and Kalbe, Elke and Liepelt-Scarfone, Inga},
      title        = {{C}ognition and {A}ctivity of {D}aily {L}iving {F}unction
                      in people with {P}arkinson's disease.},
      journal      = {Journal of neural transmission},
      volume       = {131},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {0375-9245},
      address      = {Wien [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2024-01256},
      pages        = {1159 - 1186},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {The ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL)
                      function is a multifaceted construct that reflects
                      functionality in different daily life situations. The loss
                      of ADL function due to cognitive impairment is the core
                      feature for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease dementia
                      (PDD). In contrast to Alzheimer's disease, ADL impairment in
                      PD can be compromised by various factors, including motor
                      and non-motor aspects. This narrative review summarizes the
                      current state of knowledge on the association of cognition
                      and ADL function in people with PD and introduces the
                      concept of 'cognitive ADL' impairment for those problems in
                      everyday life that are associated with cognitive
                      deterioration as their primary cause. Assessment of
                      cognitive ADL impairment is challenging because
                      self-ratings, informant-ratings, and performance-based
                      assessments seldomly differentiate between 'cognitive' and
                      'motor' aspects of ADL. ADL function in PD is related to
                      multiple cognitive domains, with attention, executive
                      function, and memory being particularly relevant. Cognitive
                      ADL impairment is characterized by behavioral anomalies such
                      as trial-and-error behavior or task step omissions, and is
                      associated with lower engagement in everyday behaviors, as
                      suggested by physical activity levels and prolonged
                      sedentary behavior. First evidence shows that physical and
                      multi-domain interventions may improve ADL function, in
                      general, but the evidence is confounded by motor aspects.
                      Large multicenter randomized controlled trials with
                      cognitive ADL function as primary outcome are needed to
                      investigate which pharmacological and non-pharmacological
                      interventions can effectively prevent or delay deterioration
                      of cognitive ADL function, and ultimately the progression
                      and conversion to PDD.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Humans / Parkinson Disease: physiopathology / Parkinson
                      Disease: complications / Parkinson Disease: psychology /
                      Activities of Daily Living / Cognitive Dysfunction:
                      physiopathology / Cognitive Dysfunction: etiology /
                      Activities of daily living (Other) / Cognition (Other) /
                      Neuropsychology (Other) / Parkinson’s disease (Other) /
                      Physical activity (Other) / Sedentary behavior (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Gasser},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1210000},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:38976044},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC11489248},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00702-024-02796-w},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/272838},
}