% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Heine:273975,
      author       = {Heine, Josephine and Boeken, Ole Jonas and Rekers, Sophia
                      and Wurdack, Katharina and Prüss, Harald and Finke,
                      Carsten},
      title        = {{P}atient-{R}eported {O}utcome {M}easures in {NMDA}
                      {R}eceptor {E}ncephalitis.},
      journal      = {Neurology: Neuroimmunology $\&$ Neuroinflammation ;
                      official journal of the American Academy of Neurology},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2332-7812},
      address      = {Philadelphia, Pa.},
      publisher    = {Wolters Kluwer},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2024-01424},
      pages        = {e200343},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {The characteristics of persistent long-term symptoms and
                      their contribution to subjective quality of life remain
                      unclear in patients with NMDAR encephalitis. In this study,
                      we aimed to evaluate postacute neuropsychiatric symptoms,
                      subjective cognitive complaints, and disease coping
                      mechanisms and identify predictors of health-related quality
                      of life (HRQoL) after N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)
                      encephalitis.This cross-sectional observational study
                      investigated patients with NMDAR encephalitis in the
                      postacute phase. Psychometric scales included assessment of
                      neuropsychiatric symptoms (i.e., fatigue, sleep, anxiety,
                      and depressive symptoms), HRQoL, everyday independence,
                      metamemory (i.e., self-rated ability, satisfaction, and use
                      of strategies), and coping strategies (i.e., self-efficacy,
                      disease-related coping, and stress management).A total of 50
                      patients (mean age 26.0 ± 10.1 years, $86\%$ female)
                      participated at a median of 4.15 (range 0.3-30.3) years
                      after symptom onset. Patients reported significantly
                      increased levels of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory: 10.5 ±
                      7.7 [mean ± SD], $95\%$ CI [8.32-12.71], p < 0.001) and
                      depressive (Beck Depression Inventory-II: 11.4 ± 7.7
                      [9.22-13.62], p = 0.001) symptoms compared with the
                      normative population. Both sleep problems (Pittsburgh Sleep
                      Quality Index: 5.8 ± 3.0 [4.98-6.66], p < 0.001) and motor
                      and cognitive fatigue (Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive
                      Function: 50.5 ± 23.1 [42.5-58.4], p < 0.001) were
                      significantly more prevalent. Moreover, lower self-rated
                      memory ability (Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire score:
                      54.6 ± 8.5 [52.1-57.1], p = 0.004) was associated with
                      greater reliance on compensatory strategies and memory aids
                      (r = -0.41, p = 0.004). Patients used significantly fewer
                      cognitive coping strategies, such as relativization (11.7 ±
                      4.7 [10.3-13.1], p = 0.001), while depressive coping
                      prevailed (49.1 ± 15.5 [44.5-53.8], p < 0.001). It is
                      important to note that HRQoL was predicted by self-reported
                      affective symptoms, self-efficacy, and coping behaviors in
                      multivariable regression analyses, but not by acute disease
                      severity or postacute physical disability.Our findings show
                      that persistent neuropsychiatric and subjective cognitive
                      concerns explain a large part of the reduced quality of life
                      in patients with NMDAR encephalitis. These findings have
                      important implications for a patient-centered postacute care
                      and the role of disease coping strategies in the
                      neurorehabilitation of autoimmune encephalitis.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Female / Male / Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor
                      Encephalitis: complications / Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
                      Receptor Encephalitis: psychology /
                      Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis:
                      physiopathology / Adult / Cross-Sectional Studies / Patient
                      Reported Outcome Measures / Quality of Life / Young Adult /
                      Adaptation, Psychological: physiology / Adolescent / Middle
                      Aged},
      cin          = {AG Prüß},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1810003},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC11649178},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39671210},
      doi          = {10.1212/NXI.0000000000200343},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/273975},
}