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000275853 1001_ $$00000-0001-8603-2545$$aKalbe, Elke$$b0
000275853 245__ $$aGerman Society of Neurology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment and affective disorders in people with Parkinson's disease: new spotlights on diagnostic procedures and non-pharmacological interventions.
000275853 260__ $$a[Darmstadt]$$bSteinkopff$$c2024
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000275853 520__ $$aCognitive impairment and dementia as well as affective disorders are common and debilitating syndromes that develop in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). The authors summarized recommendations for the 2023 updated German guidelines on 'Parkinson's disease' from the German Neurological Society (DGN), focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.The recommendations were based on literature reviews, other relevant guidelines, and expert opinions.Measurements to assess cognitive and affective states were reviewed for psychometric properties, use in routine clinical practice, and availability in German. To improve mild cognitive impairment, cognitive training and physical aerobic training are recommended. To treat Parkinson's disease (PD)-related dementia, cognitive stimulation (as a non-pharmacological intervention) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs, i.e., rivastigmine) are recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy is recommended to treat depression, anxiety, and fear of progression. Physical interventions are recommended to treat depression, fatigue, and apathy. Optimized dopaminergic treatment is the first-line pharmacological strategy recommended to manage depression, apathy, anhedonia, fatigue, and mood swings. Major depression can be additionally treated using venlafaxine or desipramine, while moderate depression can be treated pharmacologically according to its clinical phenotype (psychomotor retardation or agitation) and comorbidities (e.g., sleep disturbances, pain). Venlafaxine and nortriptyline can be used to treat anhedonia, while citalopram can be used for anxiety.In addition to the updated pharmacological treatment options, new insights into recommendations for standardized diagnostics and non-pharmacological interventions were provided for the German health care system. However, more studies are needed to explore the full potential of non-pharmacological interventions to treat and prevent cognitive impairment and affective disorders.
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000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aAnxiety
000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aDementia
000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aDepression
000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aGuideline
000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aMild cognitive impairment
000275853 650_7 $$2Other$$aParkinson’s disease
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: etiology
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: therapy
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: diagnosis
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aGermany
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMood Disorders: etiology
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMood Disorders: therapy
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMood Disorders: diagnosis
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNeurology: standards
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aParkinson Disease: complications
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aParkinson Disease: therapy
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aParkinson Disease: diagnosis
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPractice Guidelines as Topic: standards
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSocieties, Medical: standards
000275853 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aReview Literature as Topic
000275853 7001_ $$00000-0003-2168-140X$$aFolkerts, Ann-Kristin$$b1
000275853 7001_ $$00000-0002-9384-3474$$aWitt, Karsten$$b2
000275853 7001_ $$00000-0001-8540-3789$$aBuhmann, Carsten$$b3
000275853 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2109499$$aLiepelt-Scarfone, Inga$$b4
000275853 7001_ $$aGroup, German Parkinson’s Guidelines$$b5$$eCollaboration Author
000275853 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1421299-7$$a10.1007/s00415-024-12503-0$$gVol. 271, no. 11, p. 7330 - 7357$$n11$$p7330 - 7357$$tJournal of neurology$$v271$$x0367-004X$$y2024
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