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000276747 037__ $$aDZNE-2025-00305
000276747 041__ $$aEnglish
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000276747 1001_ $$aLinder, Roland$$b0
000276747 245__ $$aCOVID-19 in the years 2020 to 2022 in Germany: effects of comorbidities and co-medications based on a large-scale database analysis.
000276747 260__ $$aLondon$$bBioMed Central$$c2025
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000276747 520__ $$aThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a challenge for health care systems worldwide. People with pre-existing chronic diseases have been identified as vulnerable patient groups. Furthermore, some of the drugs used for these chronic diseases such as antihypertensive drugs have been discussed as possible influencing factors on the progression of COVID-19. This study examines the effect of medication- and morbidity-associated risk factors suspected to moderate the disease course and progression of COVID-19.The study is based on claims data of the Techniker Krankenkasse, Germany's largest statutory health insurance. The data cover the years 2020 to 2022 and include insured persons with COVID-19 diagnosis from both the outpatient and inpatient sectors and a control of insured persons without COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted a matched case-control study and matched each patient with an inpatient diagnosis of COVID-19 to (a) 10 control patients and (b) one patient with an outpatient diagnosis of COVID-19 to form two study cohorts. We performed a descriptive analysis to describe the proportion of patients in the two cohorts who were diagnosed with comorbidities or medication use known to influence the risk of COVID-19 progression. Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for disease progression.In the first study period the first study cohort comprised a total of 150,018 patients (13,638 cases hospitalised with COVID-19 and 136,380 control patients without a COVID-19 infection). Study cohort 2 included 27,238 patients (13,619 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and 13,619 control patients with an outpatient COVID-19 diagnosis). Immunodeficiencies and use of immunosuppressives were strongest risk modifying factors for hospitalization in both study populations. Other comorbidities associated with hospitalization were diabetes, hypertension, and depression.We have shown that hospitalisation with COVID-19 is associated with past medical history and medication use. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the ability of claims data as a timely available data source to identify risk factors for COVID-19 severity based on large numbers of patients. Given our results, claims data have the potential to be useful as part of a surveillance protocol allowing early-stage access to epidemiological data in future pandemics.
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000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aCOVID-19
000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aCase-control study
000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aClaims data
000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aCoronavirus
000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aEpidemiology
000276747 650_7 $$2Other$$aSARS-CoV-2
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: epidemiology
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aGermany: epidemiology
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aComorbidity
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCase-Control Studies
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDatabases, Factual
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aRisk Factors
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdolescent
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aYoung Adult
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged, 80 and over
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSARS-CoV-2
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHospitalization: statistics & numerical data
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDisease Progression
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aChild
000276747 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aChild, Preschool
000276747 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002192$$aPeltner, Jonas$$b1$$udzne
000276747 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001343$$aAstvatsatourov, Anatoli$$b2$$udzne
000276747 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811376$$aGomm, Willy$$b3
000276747 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810511$$aHaenisch, Britta$$b4$$eLast author$$udzne
000276747 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2041338-5$$a10.1186/s12889-024-21110-7$$gVol. 25, no. 1, p. 525$$n1$$p525$$tBMC public health$$v25$$x1471-2458$$y2025
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