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@ARTICLE{Ludolph:277423,
      author       = {Ludolph, Albert and Klose, Veronika and Dreyhaupt, Jens and
                      Del Tredici, Kelly and Braak, Heiko},
      title        = {{T}he deltoid muscle and the pattern of paresis in {ALS}.},
      journal      = {Journal of neurology},
      volume       = {272},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {0367-004X},
      address      = {[Darmstadt]},
      publisher    = {Steinkopff},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-00406},
      pages        = {253},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {There is neuroanatomical and clinical evidence that the
                      corticospinal tract governs the patterns of pareses in
                      sporadic ALS. These patterns are mirrored by
                      phylogenetically young monosynaptic corticomotor neuronal
                      connections. It is well known that, clinically, dysfunction
                      of the deltoid muscle contributes considerably to the early
                      disability of the ALS patient. In this study, we
                      prospectively compared the degree of pareses of the deltoid
                      muscle with the triceps and biceps brachii in N = 71
                      patients (426 muscles). We could show that the extent of
                      involvement of the deltoid muscle early in the disease
                      process resembles that of the biceps rather than the triceps
                      brachii. This pattern is consistent with functional data of
                      the corticospinal monosynaptic connectivity of all three
                      muscles.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: physiopathology /
                      Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: complications / Deltoid
                      Muscle: physiopathology / Deltoid Muscle: pathology / Male /
                      Female / Middle Aged / Aged / Paresis: etiology / Paresis:
                      physiopathology / Adult / Prospective Studies / Muscle,
                      Skeletal: physiopathology / Pyramidal Tracts:
                      physiopathology / Pyramidal Tracts: pathology /
                      Electromyography / Aged, 80 and over / Amyotrophic lateral
                      sclerosis (Other) / Biceps (Other) / Corticomotorneuronal
                      (Other) / Deltoid (Other) / Monosynpatic (Other) / Pattern
                      of paresis (Other)},
      cin          = {Clinical Study Center (Ulm) / AG Zhan},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000077 / I:(DE-2719)1910005},
      pnm          = {354 - Disease Prevention and Healthy Aging (POF4-354)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-354},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40047927},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC11885358},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00415-025-12949-w},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/277423},
}