TY - JOUR AU - Martínez-Rojas, Beatriz AU - Martín-Pérez, Samuel AU - Giraldo, Esther AU - Lopez-Mocholi, Eric AU - Alastrue, Ana AU - Andrade-Talavera, Yuniesky AU - Prius-Mengual, Jose AU - Paniagua, Guillem AU - Pedraza, Maria AU - Hingorani, Sonia AU - Rost, Benjamin R AU - Schmitz, Dietmar AU - Llansola, Marta AU - Felipo, Vicente AU - Rodríguez-Moreno, Antonio AU - Moreno-Manzano, Victoria TI - Stimulation of corticospinal neurons by optogenetic cAMP inductions promotes motor recovery after spinal cord injury in female rats via raphespinal tract modulation. JO - Nature Communications VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 2041-1723 CY - [London] PB - Springer Nature M1 - DZNE-2025-00768 SP - 5885 PY - 2025 AB - After spinal cord injury (SCI), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels drop in the spinal cord, cortex and brainstem, unlike in regenerating peripheral neurons. To address SCI recovery, we expressed photoactivatable adenylate cyclase (bPAC) in corticospinal neurons of female rats with dorsal hemisection for on-demand cAMP inductions. bPAC stimulation restored passive and firing properties of corticospinal neurons, promoted early and sustained locomotor recovery and increased corticospinal tract plasticity. Additionally, bPAC enhanced sparing of lumbar-projecting brainstem neurons after SCI, accompanied by activation of cAMP signaling in the raphe-reticular formation and increased excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitter balance. Accordingly, augmented density of serotonergic tracts was found caudal to the injury in bPAC rats, correlating with enhanced functional performance. Serotonergic implication in motor recovery was further evidenced by selective depletion, resulting in the abrogation of bPAC-mediated recovery. Overall, our findings underscore that cAMP induction in corticospinal neurons enhances locomotion after SCI, through a cortical rerouting pathway via the serotonergic descending tract. KW - Animals KW - Female KW - Spinal Cord Injuries: physiopathology KW - Spinal Cord Injuries: metabolism KW - Spinal Cord Injuries: therapy KW - Cyclic AMP: metabolism KW - Pyramidal Tracts: metabolism KW - Pyramidal Tracts: physiopathology KW - Optogenetics: methods KW - Rats KW - Recovery of Function: physiology KW - Adenylyl Cyclases: metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases: genetics KW - Neurons: metabolism KW - Neurons: physiology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Locomotion: physiology KW - Serotonergic Neurons: metabolism KW - Neuronal Plasticity KW - Cyclic AMP (NLM Chemicals) KW - Adenylyl Cyclases (NLM Chemicals) LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:40592902 C2 - pmc:PMC12216545 DO - DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-61018-3 UR - https://pub.dzne.de/record/279437 ER -