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@ARTICLE{Blotenberg:279441,
      author       = {Blotenberg, Iris and Jeran, Lina and Rodriguez, Francisca S
                      and Michalowsky, Bernhard and Platen, Moritz and Teipel,
                      Stefan and Hoffmann, Wolfgang and Thyrian, Jochen René},
      title        = {{T}he {R}ole of {S}ocial {S}upport for {D}epressive
                      {S}ymptoms in {D}ementia: {A} {F}our-{Y}ear {L}ongitudinal
                      {S}tudy.},
      journal      = {Innovation in Aging},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {2399-5300},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-00772},
      pages        = {igaf047},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Depressive symptoms are common in people with dementia,
                      significantly reducing well-being and potentially
                      exacerbating dementia symptoms. The objective of the present
                      study was to investigate the role of support from the social
                      environment for depressive symptoms in people with dementia
                      over a 4-year period.We used data from a cohort of 334
                      community-dwelling people with dementia (M age = 80.2,
                      $59.3\%$ female) who were interviewed annually in their
                      homes by specially qualified nurses. We used multilevel
                      growth curve models with random intercepts and slopes to
                      model depressive symptoms over time. We modeled both the
                      role of between-person differences and the role of
                      within-person changes in social support for depressive
                      symptoms.At the beginning of the study, $13.8\%$ of people
                      with dementia reported mild to severe depressive symptoms.
                      People with more social support showed fewer depressive
                      symptoms overall over the 4-year period $(\%$ change per
                      point on a scale from 22 to 110: -1.2, $95\%$ CI: -1.8,
                      -0.4). In addition, a decline in a person's social support
                      was associated with more depressive symptoms $(\%$ change:
                      -0.9, $95\%$ CI: -1.7, -0.2). These effects were stable even
                      after controlling for sociodemographic (age, sex, education)
                      and clinical factors (cognitive and functional status,
                      comorbidities).The social environment plays an important
                      role in depressive symptoms in people with dementia-beyond
                      clinical factors like cognitive and functional abilities.
                      Improving support from the social environment could be a
                      lever for alleviating depressive symptoms. In the care of
                      people with dementia, not only medical needs but also
                      psychosocial needs should come to the forefront.},
      keywords     = {Alzheimer’s disease (Other) / Mental health (Other) /
                      Neurodegenerative diseases (Other) / Neuropsychiatric
                      symptoms (Other) / Social health (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Thyrian / AG Rodriguez / AG Hoffmann},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1510800 / I:(DE-2719)1510900 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1510600},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40600022},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12210947},
      doi          = {10.1093/geroni/igaf047},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/279441},
}