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@ARTICLE{Otto:280918,
      author       = {Otto, Johannes and Statz, Meike and Weber, Hanna and
                      Koschay, Maximilian and Kober, Maria and Plocksties, Franz
                      and Timmermann, Dirk and Haubelt, Christian and Storch,
                      Alexander and Fauser, Mareike and Grützmacher, Florian and
                      Spors, Sascha},
      title        = {{A}ccelerometry is a valid method to distinguish between
                      healthy and 6-{OHDA}-lesioned parkinsonian rats.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01001},
      pages        = {31883},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {In Parkinson's disease (PD), continuous sensor-based
                      evaluation of motor symptom severity, e.g., using
                      accelerometry, has become an emerging field of interest in
                      clinical research. Continuous symptom monitoring would also
                      be of interest in preclinical disease models; however, such
                      devices are far less established in animal models, most
                      likely due to additional requirements in size, energy
                      consumption, and impairment-free attachment. In contrast,
                      accelerometers manufactured in micro-electro-mechanical
                      systems (MEMS) technology are promising sensor devices,
                      which allow for space-saving and energy-efficient monitoring
                      of movements. In the present study, we aim to extend the
                      state of the art by establishing wireless accelerometer
                      measurements as a simple and energy-efficient method to
                      distinguish between healthy rats and the 6-hydroxydopamine
                      (6-OHDA) PD animal model. Male Wistar-Han rats were assessed
                      either three weeks after unilateral 6-OHDA or sham lesioning
                      within their home cages with an extracorporeal accelerometer
                      placed in a rodent backpack for 12 h during their active
                      phase. The data was transmitted wirelessly to a computer,
                      preprocessed, and a statistical analysis was performed to
                      find differences between the datasets of 6-OHDA and
                      sham-lesioned rats. The statistical analysis showed
                      significant differences in the variances of the magnitude of
                      the acceleration vectors between the two classes. In
                      conclusion, accelerometry is a valid method to distinguish
                      between 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with unilateral dopaminergic
                      deficiency and their healthy counterparts. The presented
                      method represents a first step towards automated symptom
                      severity monitoring and provides a framework to expand the
                      application to on-implant integrated accelerometers for
                      continuous monitoring of symptom manifestations in rodent
                      models of neurodegenerative diseases. Future studies are
                      required to expand accelerometry to assess symptom severity
                      to ultimately utilize it for preclinical research on
                      adaptive therapies.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Accelerometry: methods / Accelerometry:
                      instrumentation / Oxidopamine: toxicity / Rats / Male /
                      Disease Models, Animal / Parkinson Disease: diagnosis /
                      Parkinson Disease: physiopathology / Rats, Wistar / Wireless
                      Technology / 6-hydroxydopamine (Other) / Accelerometry
                      (Other) / Biomarkers (Other) / MEMS accelerometer (Other) /
                      Parkinson’s disease (Other) / Oxidopamine (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Storch},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000014},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40883378},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12397390},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-025-17278-6},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/280918},
}