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000280952 1001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003305$$aGlaeser, Eva$$b0$$eFirst author$$udzne
000280952 245__ $$aThe economic burden of subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia: excess costs and associated clinical and risk factors.
000280952 260__ $$aLondon$$bBioMed Central$$c2025
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000280952 520__ $$aWith the availability of first disease-modifying treatments, evidence on costs across the entire Alzheimer's Continuum, especially for early disease stages, becomes increasingly important to inform healthcare planning, resource allocation, and policy decisions. This study assessed costs and cost-associated factors in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dementia compared to healthy controls.The German DELCODE cohort study assessed clinical data, healthcare resource use, and informal care provision. Costs were calculated from payer and societal perspectives using standardized unit costs, and multivariate regression analyses identified cost-associated factors.From a payer perspective, costs were elevated by 26% for SCD (adjusted mean 5,976€ [95%CI 4,598-7,355€]), 85% for MCI (8,795€ [6,200-11,391€]) and 36% for AD (6,454€ [2,796-10,111€]) compared to controls (4,754€ [3,586-5,922€]). Societal costs were elevated by 52% for SCD (adjusted mean 8,377€ [95%CI 6,009-10,746€]), 170% for MCI (14,886€ [9,524-20,248€]) and 307% for AD (22,481€ [9,994-34,969€]) compared to controls (5,522€ [3,814-7,230€]). APOE e4 negative patients showed higher costs compared to APOE e4 positive patients. Hypertension was associated with higher costs.Healthcare costs are already elevated in early subjective and objective cognitive impairment, driven by formal and informal care. The study emphasizes the importance of early interventions to reduce the economic burden and delay progression.
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000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aAlzheimer’s disease
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aApolipoprotein E
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aCognition
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aCost
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aDementia
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aEconomics
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aMild cognitive impairment
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aSubjective cognitive decline
000280952 650_7 $$2Other$$aUtilization
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: economics
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: epidemiology
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Dysfunction: therapy
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAlzheimer Disease: economics
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAlzheimer Disease: epidemiology
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAlzheimer Disease: therapy
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCost of Illness
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aRisk Factors
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHealth Care Costs
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged, 80 and over
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aGermany: epidemiology
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCohort Studies
000280952 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810394$$aKilimann, Ingo$$b1$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001238$$aPlaten, Moritz$$b2$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2000040$$aHoffmann, Wolfgang$$b3$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810593$$aBrosseron, Frederic$$b4$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811351$$aBuerger, Katharina$$b5$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCoenjaerts, Marie$$b6
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2000005$$aDüzel, Emrah$$b7$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000543$$aEwers, Michael$$b8
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811326$$aFliessbach, Klaus$$b9$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810481$$aFrommann, Ingo$$b10$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002025$$aGemenetzi, Maria$$b11$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811614$$aGlanz, Wenzel$$b12$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003016$$aHellmann-Regen, Julian$$b13$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001517$$aIncesoy, Enise I$$b14$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002557$$aJanowitz, Daniel$$b15$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2000032$$aJessen, Frank$$b16$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811024$$aPeters, Oliver$$b17$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811122$$aPriller, Josef$$b18$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812825$$aRamirez, Alfredo$$b19$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812035$$aSchneider, Anja$$b20$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811324$$aSpottke, Annika$$b21$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2812446$$aSpruth, Eike Jakob$$b22
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2000026$$aTeipel, Stefan$$b23$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2000057$$aWagner, Michael$$b24$$udzne
000280952 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810763$$aMichalowsky, Bernhard$$b25$$eLast author$$udzne
000280952 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2506521-X$$a10.1186/s13195-025-01785-9$$gVol. 17, no. 1, p. 142$$n1$$p142$$tAlzheimer's research & therapy$$v17$$x1758-9193$$y2025
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