TY - JOUR AU - Frisoni, Giovanni B AU - Hansson, Oskar AU - Nichols, Emma AU - Garibotto, Valentina AU - Schindler, Suzanne E AU - van der Flier, Wiesje M AU - Jessen, Frank AU - Villain, Nicolas AU - Arenaza-Urquijo, Eider M AU - Crivelli, Lucia AU - Fortea, Juan AU - Grinberg, Lea T AU - Ismail, Zahinoor AU - Minoshima, Satoshi AU - Ossenkoppele, Rik AU - Zetterberg, Henrik AU - Petersen, Ronald C AU - Dubois, Bruno TI - New landscape of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. JO - The lancet VL - 406 IS - 10510 SN - 0140-6736 CY - London [u.a.] PB - Elsevier M1 - DZNE-2025-01131 SP - 1389 - 1407 PY - 2025 AB - Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and social care expenditure for society. Before the advent of biomarkers, post-mortem examination was the only method available to establish a definitive diagnosis. In this first paper of the Series, we review state-of-the-art diagnostic practices and the typical patient journey in specialist settings, where clinicians engage in a differential diagnosis to establish whether Alzheimer's pathology (cerebral deposition of β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau) is a contributor to cognitive impairment. Biomarkers indicating dysregulation of β-amyloid and tau homeostasis, measured with PET and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, allow a molecular-level diagnosis-a mandatory step in defining eligibility for the recently approved anti-amyloid treatments. We anticipate that easily accessible blood biomarkers, already available in some countries, will lead to a new diagnostic revolution and bring about major changes in health-care systems worldwide. KW - Humans KW - Alzheimer Disease: diagnosis KW - Alzheimer Disease: cerebrospinal fluid KW - Biomarkers: cerebrospinal fluid KW - Biomarkers: blood KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides: metabolism KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides: cerebrospinal fluid KW - tau Proteins: cerebrospinal fluid KW - tau Proteins: metabolism KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Positron-Emission Tomography KW - Biomarkers (NLM Chemicals) KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides (NLM Chemicals) KW - tau Proteins (NLM Chemicals) LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:40997838 DO - DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01294-2 UR - https://pub.dzne.de/record/281510 ER -