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@ARTICLE{deOliveiraPires:281519,
      author       = {de Oliveira Pires, L. and Wasicki, B. and Abaei, A. and
                      Scekic-Zahirovic, J. and Roselli, F. and Fernandes, S. and
                      Bączyk, M.},
      title        = {{A} computational model of ts{DCS} effects in {SOD}1 mice:
                      from {MRI}-based design to validation.},
      journal      = {Computers in biology and medicine},
      volume       = {197},
      number       = {Pt B},
      issn         = {0010-4825},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01137},
      pages        = {111082},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {During trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) the
                      transmembrane potential of neurons is modified by an
                      electric field (EF) induced due to externally applied direct
                      current (DC). The resultant functional effects are being
                      harnessed in the treatment of various neurological
                      conditions; however, the fundamental mechanisms of action
                      underlying tsDCS remain unclear. This ambiguity is largely
                      attributed to the limited knowledge of the geometrical
                      constraints of the EF in the polarized spinal regions. It
                      is, then, essential to develop tools that enable researchers
                      to plan tsDCS approaches in a controlled and systematic
                      manner, ensuring the reproducibility of stimulation effects
                      at spinal targets. With this paper, we aim to provide a
                      comprehensive computational model of tsDCS intervention in
                      mice to support further fundamental research in this area.
                      Our model was constructed using high-resolution MRI scans of
                      C57/B6 mice, which were segmented and reconstructed into a
                      realistic mouse computational model. In vivo
                      electrophysiological measurements of voltage gradients in
                      SOD1 G93A mice were used to validate our model predictions
                      in real-life scenarios. In both the modeling and in vivo
                      studies, we employed a rostrocaudal arrangement of DC
                      electrodes to replicate stimulation parameters that have
                      proven effective for modulating murine spinal circuits. Both
                      the computational and in vivo approaches yielded highly
                      consistent results, with EF parameters primarily influenced
                      by the distance between the target site and the tsDCS
                      electrodes. We conclude that this developed model offers
                      high accuracy in EF distribution and can significantly
                      substantiate basic research in tsDCS.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Mice / Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Superoxide
                      Dismutase-1: genetics / Superoxide Dismutase-1: metabolism /
                      Models, Neurological / Spinal Cord: diagnostic imaging /
                      Spinal Cord: physiology / Computer Simulation / Mice, Inbred
                      C57BL / Mice, Transgenic / Membrane Potentials: physiology /
                      Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Other) / In vivo
                      electrophysiology (Other) / MRI (Other) / Neuromodulation
                      (Other) / Spinal computational model (Other) / Superoxide
                      Dismutase-1 (NLM Chemicals) / Sod1 protein, mouse (NLM
                      Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Roselli},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1910001},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40997459},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.111082},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/281519},
}