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@ARTICLE{Demleitner:281823,
      author       = {Demleitner, Antonia F and Gomes, Lucas Caldi and Wenz, Lara
                      and Tzeplaeff, Laura and Pürner, Dominik and Luib, Elena
                      and Kunze, Lea and Lingor, Paul},
      title        = {{A}n {E}xploratory {A}nalysis of {D}ifferential {T}ear
                      {F}luid mi{RNA}s in {P}atients with {P}arkinson's {D}isease
                      and {A}typical {P}arkinsonian {S}yndromes.},
      journal      = {Molecular neurobiology},
      volume       = {62},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {0893-7648},
      address      = {Totowa, NJ},
      publisher    = {Humana Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01204},
      pages        = {16397 - 16409},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA),
                      and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are
                      neurodegenerative disorders diagnosed by clinical criteria
                      with limited diagnostic specificity in early stages.
                      Diagnostic biomarkers facilitating early and precise
                      diagnosis are needed. Tear fluid (TF) is an easily
                      accessible body fluid reflecting pathophysiological changes
                      in ocular and systemic diseases. In this exploratory study,
                      we investigate TF as a non-invasive source of
                      disease-specific miRNAs for PD, MSA, and PSP. We demonstrate
                      reduced TF production in PD patients. Using a real-time
                      quantitative PCR-based array targeting 1113 miRNAs, we
                      identified 55 exclusively expressed in PD, 35 in PSP, and 14
                      in MSA, respectively. Several of these have previously been
                      identified in other biofluids. Overrepresentation analysis
                      of target genes showed apoptotic and cell differentiation
                      pathways as common targets. While these findings suggest
                      that miRNA alterations in TF might reflect disease
                      mechanisms in PD and atypical Parkinsonian syndromes, the
                      exploratory character of the study combined with the use of
                      pooled samples, indicates the need for further validation.
                      The small sample size highlights the importance of follow-up
                      studies with larger, more definitive cohorts to confirm the
                      potential of these miRNAs as reliable biomarkers.},
      keywords     = {Humans / MicroRNAs: metabolism / MicroRNAs: genetics /
                      Parkinson Disease: genetics / Parkinson Disease: metabolism
                      / Male / Female / Aged / Tears: metabolism / Middle Aged /
                      Multiple System Atrophy: genetics / Parkinsonian Disorders:
                      genetics / Parkinsonian Disorders: metabolism / Supranuclear
                      Palsy, Progressive: genetics / Biomarkers: metabolism /
                      Atypical Parkinsonian syndrome (Other) / Biomarker (Other)
                      / MiRNA (Other) / Multiple system atrophy (Other) /
                      Progressive supranuclear palsy (Other) / Tear fluid (Other)
                      / MicroRNAs (NLM Chemicals) / Biomarkers (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {Clinical Research (Munich)},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1111015},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40758158},
      doi          = {10.1007/s12035-025-05252-2},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/281823},
}