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@ARTICLE{Obriot:282540,
      author       = {Obriot, Joseph and Mauconduit, Franck and Gras, Vincent and
                      Giliyar Radhakrishna, Chaithya and Bertrait, Maxime and
                      Ehses, Philipp and Stirnberg, Rüdiger and Le Ster, Caroline
                      and Boulant, Nicolas},
      title        = {{O}n the {I}mpact of {A}rtifacts {I}nduced by {M}ismatches
                      {B}etween {A}uto‐{C}alibration {S}ignal and {A}ccelerated
                      3{D} {GRE} {D}ata at 11.7{T}},
      journal      = {Magnetic resonance in medicine},
      volume       = {95},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1522-2594},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01303},
      pages        = {1440 - 1447},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {The study aims at investigating B 0 $$ {B}_0 $$ field
                      inhomogeneity artifacts arising from remote locations in the
                      FOV and encountered in accelerated 3D gradient-recalled echo
                      (GRE) sequences at ultra-high field, and at providing
                      mitigation strategies.Measurements were conducted at 11.7T
                      using a head-shaped phantom and an accelerated 3D GRE
                      sequence with either integrated or external auto-calibration
                      signal (ACS) lines. Simulations were performed to reproduce
                      the artifacts. The effects of varying GRAPPA reconstruction
                      parameters (kernel size and regularization) were also
                      examined.B 0 $$ {B}_0 $$ field inhomogeneities located
                      outside the B 0 $$ {B}_0 $$ shimmed region of interest
                      (i.e., the brain) were observed to return ripple-like
                      artifacts within this region, particularly at long echo
                      times. The simulation results support these findings, and
                      the idea that the observed artifact originates from a
                      mismatch between ACS and accelerated data due to intra-voxel
                      dephasing at different resolutions (ACS lines having an
                      intrinsically lower resolution). The short echo time enabled
                      by external (i.e., preacquired) ACS lines reduced artifacts
                      compared to integrated ones. Varying GRAPPA kernel sizes and
                      increasing the number of ACS lines can improve image
                      quality, yet without full compensation.This study highlights
                      ripple-like artifacts amplified with field strength and
                      arising from a lack of coherence between the ACS and imaging
                      (3D GRE) signal caused by B 0 $$ {B}_0 $$ intra-voxel
                      dephasing. To minimize these artifacts, care should be taken
                      in order to preserve the relevant information in the ACS
                      data to properly compute the GRAPPA kernels.},
      keywords     = {Artifacts / Humans / Phantoms, Imaging / Imaging,
                      Three-Dimensional: methods / Brain: diagnostic imaging /
                      Algorithms / Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods / Computer
                      Simulation / Calibration / Image Processing,
                      Computer-Assisted: methods / Head: diagnostic imaging /
                      Reproducibility of Results / artifacts (Other) /
                      auto‐calibration signal (Other) / ultra‐high field
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Stöcker / AG Reuter},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1013026 / I:(DE-2719)1040310},
      pnm          = {354 - Disease Prevention and Healthy Aging (POF4-354)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-354},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41108674},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12746375},
      doi          = {10.1002/mrm.70127},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/282540},
}