TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brenner, Juliette
AU  - Bastiaansen, Anna E. M.
AU  - Guasp, Mar
AU  - Muñiz-Castrillo, Sergio
AU  - Iizuka, Takahiro
AU  - de Bruijn, Marienke A. A. M.
AU  - Muñoz-Lopetegi, Amaia
AU  - Martínez-Hernández, Eugenia
AU  - Picard, Géraldine
AU  - Vogrig, Alberto
AU  - Millot, Mathilde
AU  - Finke, Carsten
AU  - Geis, Christian
AU  - Lewerenz, Jan
AU  - Melzer, Nico
AU  - Prüss, Harald
AU  - Räuber, Saskia
AU  - Ringelstein, Marius
AU  - Rostàsy, Kevin
AU  - Sühs, Kurt-Wolfram
AU  - Thaler, Franziska S.
AU  - Wandinger, Klaus-Peter
AU  - Wurdack, Katharina
AU  - Crijnen, Yvette S.
AU  - Kerstens, Jeroen
AU  - van Steenhoven, Robin W.
AU  - Veenbergen, Sharon
AU  - Schreurs, Marco W. J.
AU  - van den Berg, Robert
AU  - Volovici, Victor
AU  - Neuteboom, Rinze F.
AU  - de Vries, Juna M.
AU  - Sillevis Smitt, Peter A. E.
AU  - Nagtzaam, Mariska M. P.
AU  - Franken, Suzanne C.
AU  - Ratuszny, Dominica
AU  - Menge, Til
AU  - Bertolini, Annikki
AU  - Bien, Christian
AU  - Berger, Robert
AU  - Tauber, Simone
AU  - Angstwurm, Klemens
AU  - Seifert-Held, Thomas
AU  - Kraft, Andrea
AU  - Klausewitz, Jaqueline
AU  - Ayzenberg, Ilya
AU  - Eisenhut, Katharina
AU  - Roessling, Rosa
AU  - Heiden, Martha
AU  - Kümpfel, Tania
AU  - Dalmau, Josep
AU  - Leypoldt, Frank
AU  - Honnorat, Jérôme
AU  - Titulaer, Maarten J.
TI  - Development and validation of the NEOS2 score for prediction of long-term outcomes and improvement after first-line immunotherapy in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis: an international cohort study
JO  - The lancet / Regional health. Europe
VL  - 62
SN  - 2666-7762
CY  - [Amsterdam]
PB  - Elsevier
M1  - DZNE-2025-01431
SP  - 101562
PY  - 2026
N1  - Funding: This study was funded by Dioraphte (charity; project 2001 0403).
AB  - Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe disease that primarily affects young people and can improve with adequate treatment. We aimed to refine the anti-NMDAR Encephalitis One-year functional Status (NEOS) score by developing NEOS2, an updated model using readily available data at the time of diagnosis. We assessed the predictive value of the NEOS2-score for (1) improvement following first-line treatment, (2) functional outcome at one-year follow-up, and (3) resumption of school or work within three years. Methods: In this international (France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and Spain) cohort study in patients with a definite anti-NMDAR encephalitis diagnosis (according to the clinical criteria plus antibody testing in CSF), we performed logistic regression analyses to develop and validate multivariable models to predict -based upon variables available at diagnosis- short (ΔmRS two weeks after first-line treatment), middle (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] at one year), and long-term (return to school or work within three years) outcomes. We included clinical variables and biomarkers available at diagnosis. Findings: We included 702 patients (mean age 23 years, 95
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
DO  - DOI:10.1016/j.lanepe.2025.101562
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/283019
ER  -